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Drunk Broker "Blacks Out", Blows $500 Million On 7 Million Barrels Of Oil, Costs Passed To You At The Pump

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On June the 30th 2009 oil mysteriously jumped by more than $1.60 a barrel during the night, to reach its highest price in eight months, the kind of swing that is caused by a major geopolitical event but was caused by a dead drunk broker buying 7 million barrels of crude oil with his company’s money in unauthorized trades. 

The amazing, true cause of this price spike has now been released by a Financial Services Authority investigation (FSA). 

Although not authorized to invest company cash in trades Steven Perkins, a long standing, senior broker at PVM Oil Futures, had managed to spend $520 million on oil futures contracts throughout the night, according to the FSA report. 

On the morning of the 30th an administration clerk called Mr Steven  Perkins to ask why he had bought 7 million barrels of crude during the night. Mr Perkins had no recollection of the transactions, and it turned out that he had made the trades during a “drunken blackout.”

The graph below details the Brent price between midday on 29 June through to midday on 30 June 2009. 

US$1.65 is a significant movement in the price of Brent at this time of the night (other than in the circumstances of a geographical or political event, for example) as the market is usually relatively inactive during UK night time with little price fluctuation. 

Mr Perkins originated 1,921 buy trades during the First Period, which meant that in 83% of his buy trades he was the originator (out of a total of 2,318 buy trades he executed). This means that Mr Perkins as originator entered the bid price into the trading platform, he did not simply hit other people’s offers already on the screen. A large part of his trading in the First Period involved him continuously entering bids at levels higher than the prevailing best bid in the market with the direct effect of increasing the price of Brent.


It is clear from the trading records that it was Mr Perkins’ trading in the First Period that was the primary cause of the increase in the price of Brent. This is because of the following factors:

(i) Mr Perkins’ trading dominated the market during the First Period. By volume of lots traded, Mr Perkins was party to 69% of market volume traded in the First Period; and 

(ii) Mr Perkins continuously bought at a slightly increased price to where the market was trading thereby gradually and continuously pushing up the price. This is a continuous pattern throughout Mr Perkins’ trading in the First Period. 

  
(iii) Once Mr Perkins stopped trading, the price of Brent immediately and continually started to decrease. By 07:00, the price had dropped from US$73.05 (at 03:41, the end of the First Period) to US$72:62 
The Second Period (07:00 to 09:46) 

During the Second Period, Mr Perkins sold a total of 2,591 lots (he did not execute any buy trades). Mr Perkins was essentially trying to sell out of the long position he had accumulated during the First Period. Mr Perkins’ access to ICE was suspended at around 10:00 when PVM discovered that the trades were unauthorised. By this time, Mr Perkins had reduced the long position from 7,125 lots to 4,534 lots. PVM then took over and traded out of the remaining long position. 

Discovery of Unauthorised Trades 


Mr Perkins’ unauthorised trading on 30 June was discovered by PVM at approximately 10:00. Prior to this discovery, and during the Second Period, Mr Perkins lied to PVM to cover up what he had done.   
 
Mr Perkins’ motive 
 
Mr Perkins says the trading on 29 and 30 June was a result of the amount of alcohol he had consumed over the weekend and on Monday 29 June.   There is evidence to support Mr Perkins’ account that he did consume a large amount of alcohol in the days prior to the trading and on 29 June.   There is also evidence to support Mr Perkins’ assertion that his alcoholism  led him to drinking heavily and in an 
uncontrolled way, which in turn led him to trading as he did. 
 
For the reasons set out above, while the FSA accepts that Mr Perkins had drunk heavily prior to his trading, this does not impact on the finding of market abuse, nor that Mr Perkins is not fit and proper based on his behavior on 29 and 30 June.
 
The FSA is in possession of evidence that it would cause Mr Perkins serious financial hardship if he were required to pay the full penalty in one installment.  Accordingly, the financial penalty of £72,000 is payable in 36 equal installments of £2,000 per month.  The first installment of £2,000 is payable on Monday 20 December 2010, and thereafter the monthly installments are payable on 20th day of each month, ending with 
the payment of the final installment on Wednesday 20 November 2013. 



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