Most Common Diseases of Ages of 50 Plus - Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) - Osteoarthritis: The Diagnosis and Complications

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By Kyle J. Norton
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it’s news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
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                         Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs)

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) is medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time.
Most common Musculo-Skeletal Disorders include
1. Musculoskeletal pain .
2. A shoulder disorder
3. rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis (OA) of the hand, hip, and knee.

Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in ages of 50 plus(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain

                                        Osteoarthritis

Osteoporosis is condition of thinning of bone and bone tissues as a result of  the loss of bone density over a long period of time. 

III. Diagnosis According to the Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis. Scientific Advisory Board, Osteoporosis Society of Canada, Screening and diagnostic methods: risk-factor assessment, clinical evaluation, measurement of bone mineral density, laboratory investigations.

If you are experience certain symptom of osteoporosis, the tests which your doctor order include
1. Blood and urinary tests
The aim of the tests is to check for the bone metabolism and the progression of bone (loss) diseases.

2. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)
Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is one most common test to measure the total bone density of including spine, hip, wrist etc. with accurate result. 

3. Quantitative Ultrasound and computed tomography (QCT)
 Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) is a portable and accurate technology used to  evaluate bone density at the lumbar spine and hip without the use of ionizing radiation.
Computed Tomography (CT) scanner.a technology for measuring properties of bone at peripheral skeletal sites(23).
Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and quantitative computed tomography (QCT), which are now the standard methods for assessing osteoporosis severity and treatment efficacy(24), but in cross-sectional study of males with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO, quantitative computed tomography (QCT), High-resolution quantitative computed tomography (HRQCT)-based  were more superior to DXA in discriminating between patients of differing prevalent vertebral fracture status(25).

4. Etc.

IV. Complication associated with Osteoporosis 
Pain, Fractures, Vertebral, Wrist, Rib fractures are associated with Osteoporosis, according to the study of New advances in imaging osteoporosis and its complications(26).

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References
References
(23) http://www.iscd.org/visitors/pdfs/10-QuantitativeUltrasoundintheMgmtofOsteo.pdf
(24) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23154276 
(25) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23149277
(26) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22618377 

Reprinted from Norton Journal, Volume I, Most Common Diseases of Ages of 50 Plus – Chapter of Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs)