Ancient Egyptian Social Classes

 The ancient Egyptians were grouped in a hierarchical system with the Pharaoh at the top and farmers and slaves at the bottom. Groups of people closest to the top of society were the richest and most powerful.

 Society :

The Pharaoh

The Pharaoh was considered a God on earth and had the most power. He was responsible for drafting laws and maintaining order, ensuring that Egypt was not attacked or invaded by enemies and staging of the Gods happy so that the Nile flooded and there had a good harvest.

The Vizier

The vizier was the principal advisor to the Pharaoh and was occasionally also the High Priest. He was responsible for the administration and supervision of all official documents should have its seal of approval. He was also responsible for the supply of food, the settlement of disputes between the nobles and the operation and protection of Pharaoh’s house.

The noble

 Nobles ruled regions of Egypt (nomes). They were responsible for making local laws and maintain order in their region.

The Priest

 The priests were responsible for keeping the gods happy. They did not preach to people, but spent their time performing rituals and ceremonies in their temple of God.

The Scribes

The scribes were the only people who were literate and were responsible for record keeping. The ancient Egyptians recorded such things as how much food was produced at harvest time, how many soldiers were in the army, the number of workers and the number of gifts to the gods.

The Soldiers

 The soldiers were responsible for defending the country. Many other son, including the pharaoh often chose to join the army. The soldiers were allowed to share the wealth of captured enemies and were also awarded land for their service in the country.

The Artisans

Craftsmen were skilled workers such as – potters, leather workers, sculptors, painters, weavers, jewelers, shoemakers, tailors. Artisan groups often worked together in workshops.

The Farmer

Farmers work the land of Pharaoh and noble, and were given housing, food and clothing in return. Some farmers rented land from nobles and had to pay a percentage of their crop as rent.

The slaves

There was no slave markets or auctions in ancient Egypt. Slaves were usually prisoners captured in wartime. Slaves could be found in the household of Pharaoh and noble work in mines and quarries and also in temples.