The Anti-inflammatory Diseases Natural Whole Food and Plant

Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition

The efficacy of botany used plant for treatment and cure diseases with little or no side effects have drawn interest in today conscientious scientists, since the discovery of  aspirin (from willow bark), quinine (from cinchona bark), and morphine (from the opium poppy)….

However, the development of synthetic single medicine for treatment diseases is not beneficial to patients but profits to the big pharmaceutical companies symptoms.

The use of conventional medicine for treatment of one disease are found to induce serious side effects in the short term and serious complications in the long term .

Examples
* Intake of aspirin may facilitate symptoms of black, bloody, or tarry stools; coughing up blood, severe nausea, vomiting,…….. and stomach pain. Long term use of the medicine can cause stroke as a result of  burst blood vessels,…. and gastrointestinal bleeding.

* Administration of quinine can induce serious symptoms of fever, chills, confusion, weakness, sweating; severe vomiting, stomach pain,…. and diarrhea chest pain. And long term intake can induce trouble breathing, severe dizziness, fainting, fast or pounding heartbeats,…. and problems with vision or hearing.

Inflammation is a natural process of immune reaction that protest our body against infection and injure. Over expression of inflammatory substances produced by the immune system may cause localized physical condition of reddened, swollen, hot, and often painful. However, in some cases, over presence of pro inflammatory cytokines can induce cytotoxicity that damages  healthy cells and tissue.

According to the free dictionary by Farlex(4), there is a 3 major components that make up the state of acute inflammation, including

* Changes in the caliber of blood vessels and the rate of blood flow through them (hemodynamic changes)

* Increased capillary permeability, and 

* Leukocytic exudation.

And chronic inflammation may be slow onset but it is characterized by persistent inflammation and lack of clear resolution as the infectious tissues and cells are no longer able to overcome the effects cause by the injuring agents.

Chronic inflammation can eventually cause several diseases and conditions, including some cancers, auto immune diseases,……. and rheumatoid arthritis.

Alfalfa, a botany plant may be used to modulate immune response for treatment of acute inflammation and diseases associated to chronic inflammation, some scientists suggested.

Alfalfa is a flowering plant in the genus Medicago, belongings to the family Fabaceae, cultivated all over the world as hay for cattle feeding.

The herbal plant has been used in traditional medicine over thousands of year to treat high cholesterol, asthma, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, enhanced digestive system, bleeding disorder, kidney and urinary tract infection, etc.

North American aboriginals have used Alfalfa seed as food in making bread and mush.

According to studies, alfalfa expressed significant anti-inflammatory effect through inhibited production of proinflammatory cytokins during injure, foreign invasion and free radical domino’s action, etc….

The University of Maryland study of novel pectic polysaccharide from alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) stem, suggested that the phytochemicals isolated from alfalfa exert significant anti-inflammatory effect against mRNA expressions of the pro-inflammatory cytokine genes, especially for IL-1β antibody(1).

IL-1β is a pro inflammatory cytokines that used the major source of macrophages in response to the early stage of inflammation. 

Chronic inflammatory expression of human IL-1β is associated to gastric inflammation and tumorigenesis in stomachs of studies mice.

 The chloroform extract of alfalfa aerial part also  inhibited the function of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Gram-negative bacteria in stimulated immune responses in induced inflammation and suppressed LPS-mediated activation of the extracellular signal-regulated the proinflammatory and prothrombotic responses of nuclear factor kappa-B pathway(2).

Dr. Toby Lawrence, in the evaluation of “The Nuclear Factor NF-κB Pathway in Inflammation” siad, “The nuclear factor NF-κB pathway has long been considered a prototypical proinflammatory signaling pathway, largely based on the role of NF-κB in the expression of proinflammatory genes including cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules” and ” NF-κB has long been considered the “holy grail” as a target for new anti-inflammatory drugs”(6).

The cinnamic acid derivatives and fatty acids active constituents of the extract were also effective in ameliorated inflammation and immune response through inhibition of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), involved in the development of inflammatory diseases(3).

Nitric oxide (NO), plays a duo role in the pathogenesis of inflammation as anti-inflammatory mytokine under normal physiological conditions. However, the molecule also acts as a pro-inflammatory mediator in abnormal situations.

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), a key regulator of the inflammatory response, plays an important role inregulated cellular responses, which include cell death, survival, differentiation, proliferation and migration by stimulating change of vascular endothelial cells in expression of pro-inflammation.

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) may function in both the promotion and resolution of inflammation.

However, under abnormal condition such as persistent tissue damage, the hormone may contribute to the up-regulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Taking together, alfalfa no doubt has processed an anti inflammatory effects through inhibited free radicals, proinflammatory cytokins and hormone that involve the development of inflammatory and auto immune diseases.

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Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it’s news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada – Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Structural, thermal, and anti-inflammatory properties of a novel pectic polysaccharide from alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) stem by Chen L, Liu J, Zhang Y, Dai B, An Y, Yu LL1.(PubMed)
(2) Chloroform extract of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation by downregulating ERK/NF-κB signaling and cytokine production by Choi KC1, Hwang JM, Bang SJ, Kim BT, Kim DH, Chae M, Lee SA, Choi GJ, Kim DH, Lee JC.(PubMed)
(3) Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Cinnamomum cassiaConstituents In Vitro and In Viv by Jung-Chun Liao,1 Jeng-Shyan Deng,2 Chuan-Sung Chiu,3,4(HindaWi)
(4) Acute inflammation, the free dictionary by Farlex
(5) IL-1β by Science Direct
(6) The Nuclear Factor NF-κB Pathway in Inflammation by Toby Lawrence(PMC)