Thyroid disease: Hypothyroidism in Pregnancy

Home of Kyle J. Norton for The Better of Living & Living Health Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is under active and produces very little thyroid hormones.

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Hypothyroidism during pregnancy
According to statistic, approximately 2% of all pregnancies suffer from some degrees of hypothyroidism and another 2 out of 1,000 pregnancies will be complicated by clinical hypothyroidism. If you have hypothyroidism during pregnancy, you may need to have your thyroid hormone checked every 4-6 weeks, if necessary, medication is also adjusted to make sure that your thyroid within the acceptable range.

The importance to have hypothyroidism under controlled in pregnancy
Thyroid hormones over or under the normal range can be harmful to your baby. In fact, in the first few months of pregnancy, your thyroids hormone is very important for the development of the fetus’ brain. Hypothyroidism in pregnancy can lead to insufficient hormones, causing severe cognitive, neurological and developmental abnormalities. In serve cases, it can lead can lead
to impaired brain development in the baby, miscarriage, stillbirth, lower birth weight, etc.

Symptoms
1. Weight gain
Weight gain more than average of a pregnancy
2. Constipation
While diarrhea is a symptoms of hyperthyroidism, constipation is a symptom of hypothyroidism.
3. Fatigue
4. Facial ProblemsYour face looks swollen or puffy
5. Muscle cramps
6. Confusion,
7. Hair loss in your eyebrows
8. Etc.

Diagnosis and tests
Blood test is always important as soon as pregnancy is confirmed, especially for women with family and personal history of hypothyroidism. Test for thyroid stimulating hormone, if confirmed, certain medication, including levothyroxine, may be given to prevent the elevation of the disease and is adjusted to high dose if needed.

Causes and risk factors
1. Autoimmune disease
Hypothyroidism caused by autoimmune disease as a result of the cells of immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland. The disease can start suddenly or over a long time including Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and atrophic thyroiditis.

2. Removal of thyroid gland
Surgical removal of the thyroid gland can cause low levels of thyroid hormones.

3. Radiation
Certain diseases including Graves’ disease, nodular goiter,or thyroid cancer are usually treated with radioactive iodine (I-131) with an aim to destroy the thyroid gland cause of diseases can lead to low levels of thyroid hormones.

4. Birth defect
Some baby was born with partly formed thyroid gland

5. Inflammation
Inflammation of thyroid gland may cause hypothyroidism.

6. Medication
Certain medication such as amiodarone, lithium, interferon alpha, can increase the risk of hypothyroidism.

7. Genetic factor
Gene passing through from one generation to generation. Sometime, it may skip.

8. Smoking
According to the World health organization, smoking is reported to be responsible for both decreasing secretion of thyroid hormone and blocking its action, thus exacerbating the symptoms of hypothyroidism.

9. Medical conditions
Medical condition such as Addison’s disease, Myasthenia gravis,Polycystic ovarian syndrome,
Anorexia or bulimia are associated to the higher risk of hypothyroidism.

10. Etc.

Preventions
A. How to
1. Quit Smoking
2. Eating healthy
Eating healthy by providing your body before and during pregnancy is the best way to prevent all kins of diseases, including hyperthyroidism. For more information of over 100 healthy foods
3. Meditation or Yoga
Mediation and yoga can help a woman to calm and relax, thus reducing or lessening the risk of the disease caused by stress related
4. Limit intake of saturated fats and fats
As they can increase the risk of heart diseases and stroke.
5. Limit intake of alcohol
6. Moderate exercise to enhance the normal production of certain hormones.
7. Etc.

B. Nutritional supplements
1. L-tyrosine
The benefits of L-tyrosine, a nonessential amino acid is its function in assisting the making of thyroid hormones from the body. Since it promotes more thyroid hormone production, women with hyperthyroidism should avoid intake of L-tyrosine.

2. Omega 3 essential fatty acids
In a study of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Inflammation and Autoimmune Diseases

Treatments
Thyroxine (T4) replacement
a. The aim of treatment is to bring your T4 and TSH back to normal levels with the synthesis thyroxine pills which similar to the natural T4 made by the thyroid gland.
b. Risks and side effects
b.1. If over doses
It can cause hyperthyroidism
b.2 Symptoms of hyperthyroidism
Including insomnia, greater appetite, nervousness, tremble, etc.
b.2. If under dose
Symptoms of hypothyroidism.
C. Follow up to make sure that T4 is within the acceptable range. If necessary, doses can be adjusted

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