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New viperfish ancestors in the LRT: Leptolepis and Prohalecites

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Ongoing housekeeping to the fish subset
of the large reptile tree (LRT, 2173 taxa) moves the extant viperfish (Chaulodus, Fig 1) closer to Middle Triassic to Early Cretaceous Leptolepis and Middle Triassic Prohalecites.

Chauliodus sloani (Forster in Bloch and Schneider 1801, up to 60cm in length) is the extant viperfish. A tiny glowing lure from the anterior dorsal fin lure deep sea fish to the oversized teeth. Scales and maxillary teeth are retained. Apparently the temporal series were not retained. The anterior dorsal fin is new.

The large eyes and absent circumorbital bones of Chauliodus
were inherited from its smaller ancestor, Leptolepis (Fig 2). The long teeth and lure evolved later.

References
Arratia G and Tintori A 1999. The caudal skeleton of the Triassic actinopterygian †Prohalecites and its phylogenetic position, p. 121–142. In: Mesozoic Fishes 2—Systematics and Fossil Record. G. Arratia and H.-P. Schultze (eds.). Verlag Dr. F. Pfeil, München.
Arratia G 2015. Complexities of early Teleostei and the evolution of particular morphological structures through time. Copeia 103(4):999–1025.
Bellotti C 1857. Descizione di alcune nuove specie di pesci fossili di Perledo e di altre localtta lombarde. 419–432. In Sopani A (ed) Studi geologici sulla Lomabardia. Editore Turati, Milano.
Forster JR 1801. in Bloch ME and Schneider JG editors, Systema Ichthyologiae Iconibus cx Ilustratum. Post obitum auctoris opus inchoatum absolvit, correxit, interpolavit Jo. Gottlob Schneider, Saxo. Berolini. Sumtibus Auctoris Impressum et Bibliopolio Sanderiano Commissum. i-lx + 1-584.
Tintori A 1990. The actinopterygian fish Prohalecites from the Triassic of northern Italy. Palaeontology 33:155–174.

wiki/Prohalecites
wiki/Leptolepis
wiki/Chauliodus


Source: https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/2022/11/23/new-viperfish-ancestors-in-the-lrt-leptolepis-and-prohalecites/


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