History Of Building A Wall On Southern Border Chapter 2
Tuesday, December 11, 2018 19:19
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Trump administration
Further information: Executive Order 13767
President Donald Trump signing Executive Order 13767
Throughout his 2016 presidential campaign, Donald Trump called for the construction of a much larger and fortified wall, and claimed Mexico will pay for its construction, estimated at $8 to $12 billion, while others state there are enough uncertainties to drive up the cost between $15 to $25 billion.[27][28][29][30] In January 2017, Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto said the country would not pay for the wall.[31][27][32] On January 25, 2017, the Trump administration signed a Border Security and Immigration Enforcement Improvements Executive Order, 13767 to commence extending the border wall.[33]
Trump had planned to meet Nieto at the White House on January 27, 2017 to discuss topics including border security, and announced the U.S. would impose a 20% tariff on Mexican goods to effectively pay for the wall.[34] Peña Nieto gave a national televised address confirming they would not pay, adding “Mexico doesn’t believe in walls”, and cancelled the meeting.[35][36]
In March 2017, the Trump administration submitted a budget amendment for fiscal year 2017 that includes a $3 billion continuing budget for border security and immigration enforcement. Trump’s FY 2018 Budget Blueprint increases discretionary funds for the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) by $2.8 billion (to $44.1 billion).[7][37] The DHS Secretary John F. Kelly told the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee during a hearing the Budget Blueprint “includes $2.6 billion for high-priority border security technology and tactical infrastructure, including funding to plan, design and construct the border wall.”[7]
A survey conducted by the National Border Patrol Council found that 89% of border patrol agents said a “wall system in strategic locations is necessary to securing the border.” 7% of agents disagreed.[38] However, U.S. Senator Claire McCaskill (D-MO) said during a hearing that while Americans want a secure border, she has “not met anyone that says the most effective way is to build a wall across the entirety of our southern border. The only one who keeps talking about that is President Trump.”[39]
Trump proposed in a White House meeting that the wall should be covered with solar panels, claiming that this would generate revenue and improve its appearance.[40] On June 21, 2017, Trump told a rally in Cedar Rapids Iowa that he is working on ways “Mexico will have to pay much less money”, saying that the wall would be a “solar wall” that could “create energy and pay for itself.”[41] Trump also touted a report he had seen on Fox News that cited a study by the Center for Immigration Studies, in which it claimed that a wall along the Mexican border could save taxpayers $64 billion by reducing crime and welfare costs for undocumented immigrants over the next 10 years. Some dispute this, claiming the wall and maintenance would cost more than predicted and that illegal immigrants would just find another way into the nation.[42][43][44] In August 2017, while speaking at a rally in Phoenix, Arizona, Trump stated he will close down the U.S. government if necessary to force Congress to pay for the wall.[45] As of the end of 2017, Mexico has not entered into any agreement to pay for any amount of the wall.[37] In March, 2018, Congress appropriated $1.6 billion out of a $1.3 trillion spending bill, which helped toward adding and repairing fence along the border.[46][47][48]
President Trump visiting border wall prototypes in San Diego, March 2018
On September 12, 2017, the United States Department of Homeland Security issued a notice Acting Secretary of Homeland Security Elaine Duke would be waiving “certain laws, regulations and other legal requirements” to begin construction of the new wall near Calexico, California.[49] The waiver allows the Department of Homeland Security to bypass the National Environmental Policy Act, the Endangered Species Act, the Clean Water Act, the Clean Air Act, the National Historic Preservation Act, the Migratory Bird Treaty Act, the Migratory Bird Conservation Act, the Archaeological Resources Protection Act, the Safe Drinking Water Act, the Noise Control Act, the Solid Waste Disposal Act, the Antiquities Act, the Federal Land Policy and Management Act, the Administrative Procedure Act, the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, and the American Indian Religious Freedom Act.[50]
In September 2017, the U.S. government announced the start of construction of eight prototype barriers made from concrete and other materials.[51][52] On June 3, 2018 the San Diego section of the US border wall construction began.[53] On October 26, a two-mile stretch of steel bollards in Calexico, Californiawas commemorated as the first section of Trump’s wall.[54]
A Pine City, Minnesota manufacturing company was awarded a bid to help build the “virtual wall” along the border in 2018. It generates telescopic towers that roll-up to 80 feet in height. Along parts of the border, this method has proved cheaper and more practical.[55]
Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/AmericanFreedom/~3/D88tYrvsGgU/history-of-building-wall-on-southern_11.html
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