Are You Allergic to Rain?

Dr. Mercola

Dust mites, animal dander, molds, and pollen are among the most common environmental triggers of asthma attacks and allergy symptoms. For some, however, a spring or summer thunderstorm may lead to a flare-up of symptoms.

Research shows an association between thunderstorm activity and worsening of allergy and asthma symptoms; one study found a 3 percent increase in emergency-room visits for asthma attacks in the 24 hours following thunderstorms.1 As the researchers explained:

“While a three percent increase in risk may seem modest, asthma is quite prevalent… and a modest relative increase could have a significant public health impact in the population.”

What Causes Thunderstorm Asthma?

The phenomenon, known as “thunderstorm asthma,” isn’t so much an issue of people being allergic to rain. Instead, thunderstorms form the “perfect storm,” literally, of circumstances to increase breathing difficulties. Researchers wrote in the journal Thorax:2

“The most prominent hypotheses explaining the associations are that pollen grains rupture by osmotic shock in rainwater, releasing allergens, and that gusty winds from thunderstorm downdrafts spread particles and/or aeroallergens, which may ultimately increase the risk of asthma attacks.”

In other words, pollen and mold particles that may otherwise be too big to get into your lungs (and instead tend to cause mostly nose-related symptoms) suddenly become broken up by a thunderstorm. This allows entrance into the lungs, potentially leading to an asthmatic reaction, even in some people who have never had asthma before.

It’s also been suggested that storms’ electrical charge makes tiny pollen and mold particles stickier, increasing the likelihood that they’ll cause trouble in your lungs once inhaled.3 As written in Current Allergy and Asthma Reports:4

“The weather system of a mature thunderstorm likely entrains grass pollen into the cloud base, where pollen rupture would be enhanced, then transports the respirable-sized fragments of pollen debris to ground level where outflows distribute them ahead of the rain.

The conditions occurring at the onset of a thunderstorm might expose susceptible people to a rapid increase in concentrations of pollen allergens in the air that can readily deposit in the lower airways and initiate asthmatic reactions.”

So what can you do? Pay attention to weather reports, especially if you’ve experienced thunderstorm asthma before. Although the condition is relatively uncommon, it’s known to strike without warning, so if a thunderstorm is coming, stay indoors and close up your windows to avoid unnecessary exposure to ruptured pollen grains.

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