Tokyo reports TB outbreak – Zika expected to arrive in Europe by spring

May 2016 – TOKYO, Japan – Officials with the Tokyo Metropolitan Government’s Social Welfare and Public Health Bureau (computer translated) say nine people are currently being treated for tuberculosis (TB) and an additional 34 are being treated for latent TB after exposure to an infected student last year. The index student, studying at a Japanese language school in 2015, developed symptoms of TB in September and was diagnosed via chest X-ray in November. However, the student, unaware of the seriousness of his illness, continued attending classes after symptoms appeared.

Tokyo has reported a rise in TB cases in recent years. Tuberculosis is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The bacteria usually attack the lungs, but TB bacteria can attack any part of the body such as the kidney, spine, and brain. If not treated properly, TB disease can be fatal. TB is spread through the air from one person to another. The TB bacteria are put into the air when a person with TB disease of the lungs or throat coughs, sneezes, speaks, or sings. People nearby may breathe in these bacteria and become infected.

People who breathe air containing the TB bacteria may become infected. People infected with TB bacteria have a lifetime risk of falling ill with TB of about 10%. Symptoms of active TB include cough, fever, night sweats, and unexplained weight loss. Active TB disease is usually curable with a standard 6-month course of antibiotic drugs. According to health officials, the index student has finished his treatment and his condition has improved. Tokyo health official, Yoshiyuki Sugishita said, “There is no ongoing risk of further transmission from those already diagnosed with infections as they have already had treatment.” –Outbreak Today

Zika updates: The Zika virus is expected to reach Europe by late spring, according to a new report by the World Health Organization (WHO), but the risk of an outbreak across the region will be low to moderate. The risk will be greatest in countries where the mosquitoes spreading the disease, Aedes aegypti, are found naturally.

In the first risk assessment of Zika transmission in Europe, published Wednesday, WHO investigated the risk of an outbreak in the region’s 53 member states and identified the highest likelihood of transmission to be on the island of Madeira and the north-eastern coast of the Black Sea.

Another 18 countries (33% of the region) were determined to have a moderate likelihood of an outbreak. These countries, in order of likelihood, are France, Italy, Malta, Croatia, Israel, Spain, Monaco, San Marino, Turkey, Greece, Switzerland, Bulgaria, Romania, Slovenia, Georgia, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro.

“In [these] countries in the European region, especially in the Mediterranean basin, there is a moderate likelihood of local Zika virus transmission,” said Dr. Nedret Emiroglu, director of the Communicable Diseases and Health Security Division, WHO Regional Office for Europe. –CNN