Chinese Herbs In Western View - San Qi Or Tian Qi (Radix Pseudoginseng) Health Benefits And Side Effects

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San Qi is also known as pseudoginseng root. The sweet, slight bitter and warm herb has been used in TCM as anticoagulation, Anti-inflammation, anti cancers and anti aging agent and to lower cholesterol, stop bleeding, improve capillary circulation, etc., as it eliminates Blood accumulation, stops bleeding, Moves Blood, calms pain, etc. by enhancing the functions of liver, stomach and large intestine channels.

 Ingredients
1. Ginsenoside
2. Gamma-muurolene
3. Cyperene
4. Alpha-elemene
5. Gammma-cadinene
6. Delta-cadinene
7. Alpha-gurjunene
8. Alpha-guaiene
9.  Alpha-copaene
10. Beta-cuabebene PN and EPGF can promote VEC proliferation, migration, DNA synthesis and VEGF mRNA expression. The results suggest that they have a certain effect on the genesis and development of new vessels in the ischemic myocardium.
11. Caryophyllene
12. Delta-guaiene
13. Alpha-cedrene
14. Etc.

Health Benefits
1. HUVEC proliferation and secretion of VEGF
In the study to evaluate  the effects of Radix Ginseng and Radix Notoginseng formula on secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro, indicated that Radix Ginseng and Radix Notoginseng formula can promote HUVEC proliferation and secretion of VEGF, as well as the expression of VEGFR-2 protein, which may be one of the mechanisms of Radix Ginseng and Radix Notoginseng formula in promoting angiogenesis(1).

2. Vascular endothelial cell proliferation and migration
In the study to investigate the effects of extracts from Panax notoginseng (EPN) and Panax ginseng fruit (EPGF) on the proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro, showed that PN and EPGF can promote VEC proliferation, migration, DNA synthesis and VEGF mRNA expression. The results suggest that they have a certain effect on the genesis and development of new vessels in the ischemic myocardium(2).

3. Angiogenic effect 
In the study to obser the angiogenic effects of PNS on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro and zebrafish in vivo, found that PNS can promote angiogenesis, and that the proangiogenic effects involve the VEGF-KDR/Flk-1 and PI3K-Akt-eNOS signaling pathways(3).

4. Renal interstitial fibrosis
In the study to investigate the effects of compound Radix Notoginseng (RN) on renal interstitial fibrosis and kidney-targeting treatment, the result indicated that RN and compound Radix Notoginseng (CRN) can inhibit UUO-induced renal interstitial fibrosis in rats, and CRN treatment is more effective than RN in reducing interstitial fibrosis(4).

5. Herpes simplex virus
In the study of Notoginsenoside ST-4 inhibits virus penetration of herpes simplex virus in vitro, researchers found that analyzed by attachment assay and penetration assay based on plaque reduction assay, the antiviral activity of notoginsenoside ST-4 was principally due to the penetration inhibition effects, which was confirmed by fluorescence microscopy observation that notoginsenoside ST-4 blocked the penetration of virus. Therefore, notoginsenoside ST-4 might be a promising agent for herpes simplex virus infection(5).

6. Ischemic stroke
With the aim to investigate the synergistic action of low dose of aspirin combined with sanchitongshu capsule in the treatment of patients with light and moderate ischemic stroke in acute and subacute stages, with participants  assigned either to receive aspirin (50mg per day) and sanchitongshu capsule (200mg three times a day) or aspirin (50mg per day) and placebo capsule, showed that  low dose of aspirin combined with sanchitongshu capsule significantly ameliorated neurological deficit (increased score of ESS: t=-5.02, p<0.0001) and activities of daily living (increased score of BI: t=-2.4, p=0.0178) after treatment compared with aspirin alone. Adverse reaction which occurred equally in both arms, was light to moderate and disappeared without special treatment. Sanchitongshu capsule, as a complementary medicine to aspirin, was effective in improving outcomes after ischemic stroke. It was a safe drug in our trial(6).

7. Etc.

Side Effects
1. the herb may cause allergic effects
2. Do not use the herb in newborn, children or if you are pregnant or breast feeding without first consulting with the related field specialist.
3. Etc. 

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For other Chinese herbs in western view, visit http://chineseherbsinnutrientsperspective.blogspot.com/2011/10/chinese-herbs-in-western-view-health.html
Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20388479 
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18568327
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19107746
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22455126
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21623512

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