Absence of toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis pollen to black swallowtails under field conditions

Home of Kyle J. Norton for The Better of Living & Living Health Health risk assessment of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) cultivated for food or feed is under debate throughout the world, and very little data have been published on mid- or long-term toxicological studies with mammals.
The Con’s of GMOs include consumer and health groups, grain importers from European Union (EU) countries, organic farmers, environmentalists, concerned scientists, ethicist, religious rights groups, food advocacy groups, some politicians and trade protectionists
The Pro’s of GMOs include private industries, research scientists, some consumers, U.S. farmers and regulatory agencies.
Here are some of their studies, please make sure you understand the intention of their differentiation.
Absence of toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis pollen to black swallowtails under field conditions
A single laboratory study on monarch butterflies has prompted widespread concern that corn pollen, engineered to express Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) endotoxin, might travel beyond corn fields and cause mortality in nontarget lepidopterans. In the field study performed to assess whether mortality of early instar black swallowtails which was associated either with proximity to a field of Bt corn or by levels of Bt pollen deposition on host plants, suggested that potted host plants were infested with first instar black swallowtails and placed at intervals from the edge of a field of Bt corn (Pioneer 34R07 containing Monsanto event 810) at the beginning of anthesis. We confirmed by ELISA that pollen from these plants contained Cry1Ab endotoxin (2.125 +/- 0.289 ng/g). Although many of the larvae died during the 7 days that the experiments were run, there was no relationship between mortality and proximity to the field or pollen deposition on host plants. Moreover, pollen from these same plants failed to cause mortality in the laboratory at the highest pollen dose tested (10,000 grains/cm(2)), a level that far exceeded the highest pollen density observed in the field (200 grains/cm(2)) and concluded that Bt pollen of the variety tested is unlikely to affect wild populations of black swallowtails(4).
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(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10840067 http://medicaladvisorjournals.blogspot.com