Most Common Diseases of Age of 50+ - Thyroid disease: Thyroid Lymphomas - The Causes

Home of Kyle J. Norton for The Better of Living & Living Health Thyroid is one of the largest endocrine glands found in the neck, below the Adam’s Apple with the function of regulating the body use of energy, make of proteins by producing its hormones as a result of the stimulation of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) produced by the anterior pituitary.
Thyroid disease is defined as a condition of malfunction of thyroid. Hyperthyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is over active and produces too much thyroid hormones. Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is under active and produces very little thyroid hormones. Thyroid cancer is defined as condition in which the cells in the thyroid gland have become cancerous.
III. A. Primary Thyroid Lymphomas
A. Thyroid lymphoma is a rare malignant tumor, type of extranodal lymphoma, most likely occurred after age of 60. According to the statistic, It constitutes only 3% of all NHLs and approximately 5% of all thyroid neoplasms with more common in women than in men. The most common type of primary thyroid lymphoma is diffuse large B cell lymphoma, which behaves in a more aggressive manner than mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma(a).
B.1. Causes 
Most common causes of Thyroid Lymphomas include
1. MALT-type lymphoma
In the study to evaluate the spectrum of PTLs using current lymphoma classification concepts and immunocytochemical markers, determine whether features of MALT-type lymphoma were evident in PTL, and if there was any clinical significance of such a finding, showed that primary thyroid lymphomas occur most commonly in elderly women and are frequently present in clinical stage IE and IIE. Low-grade MALT-type lymphomas are relatively uncommon but appear to have a favourable prognosis. DLBCL is the most common lymphoma and features of MALT can be seen in over one-third of cases. As a group, HG MALT-type lymphomas had a worse outcome than DLBCL-NOS, primarily due to higher clinical stage at diagnosis(5).

2. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)
Primary thyroid lymphoma is rare, composing approximately 5% of all thyroid malignancies and less than 3% of all extranodal lymphomas. The disease can be dichotomized into two separate groups: pure mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) or mixed subtypes, according to the study by the St. Vincent’s University Hospital(6).

3. Part of a systemic disease
Lymphoma of the thyroid may be a primary disease or may involve the gland as part of a systemic disease(6a). 
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Sources  
(a) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23714679 
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10931213
(6) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23881987 
(6a) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2261909   http://medicaladvisorjournals.blogspot.com