What Would A Tsunami In The Mediterranean Look Like?
This animation shows water elevation for an earthquake-induced tsunami at the Southwest of Crete.
Credit: Samaras et al., Ocean Science, 2015
The team developed a computer model to represent how tsunamis in the Mediterranean could form, propagate and hit the coast, using information about the seafloor depth, shoreline and topography. “We simulate tsunami generation by introducing earthquake-generated displacements at either the sea bed or the surface,” explains Samaras. “The model then simulates how these disturbances – the tsunami waves – propagate and are transformed as they reach the nearshore and inundate coastal areas.”
This animation shows water elevation for an earthquake-induced tsunami at the East of Sicily.
“Due to the complexity of the studied phenomena, one should not arbitrarily extend the validity of the presented results by assuming that a tsunami with a magnitude at generation five times larger, for example, would result in an inundation area five times larger,” cautions Samaras. “It is reasonable, however, to consider such results as indicative of how different areas in each region would be affected by larger events.”
“Although the simulated earthquake-induced tsunamis are not small, there has been a recorded history of significantly larger events, in terms of earthquake magnitude and mainshock areas, taking place in the region,” says Samaras. For example, a clustering of earthquakes, the largest with magnitude between 8.0 and 8.5, hit off the coast of Crete in 365 AD. The resulting tsunami destroyed ancient cities in Greece, Italy and Egypt, killing some 5000 people in Alexandria alone. More recently, an earthquake of magnitude of about 7.0 hit the Messina region in Italy in 1908, causing a tsunami that killed thousands, with observed waves locally exceeding 10 metres in height.
The team sees the results as a starting point for a more detailed assessment of coastal flooding risk and mitigation along the coasts of the Eastern Mediterranean. “Our simulations could be used to help public authorities and policy makers create a comprehensive database of tsunami scenarios in the Mediterranean, identify vulnerable coastal regions for each scenario, and properly plan their defence.”
Contacts and sources:
Barbara Ferreira
Citation: Samaras, A. G., Karambas, Th. V., and Archetti, R.: Simulation of tsunami generation, propagation and coastal inundation in the Eastern Mediterranean, Ocean Sci., 11, 643-655, doi:10.5194/os-11-643-2015, 2015.
Source: http://www.ineffableisland.com/2015/08/what-would-tsunami-in-mediterranean.html
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