Cancer and the Paleolithic Diet: 1.7 Million Year Old Malignant Tumor Is Oldest Yet Found
An international team of researchers led by scientists from the University of the Witwatersrand’s Evolutionary Studies Institute and the South African Centre for Excellence in PalaeoSciences today announced in two papers, published in the South African Journal of Science, the discovery of the most ancient evidence for cancer and bony tumors yet described in the human fossil record.
The discovery of a foot bone dated to approximately 1.7 million years ago from the site of Swartkrans with definitive evidence of malignant cancer, pushes the oldest date for this disease back from recent times into deep prehistory. Although the exact species to which the foot bone belongs is unknown, it is clearly that of a hominin, or bipedal human relative.
Volume rendered image of the external morphology of the foot bone shows the extent of expansion of the primary bone cancer beyond the surface of the bone.
Credit: Patrick Randolph-Quinney (UCLAN)
existed”.
This image shows the sixth thoracic vertebra of juvenile Australopithecus sediba. Top row shows surface rendered image volume. Bottom row shows partially transparent image volume with the segmented boundaries of the lesion rendered solid pink. A: Right lateral view. B: Superior view. C: Posterior view.
Credit: Paul Tafforeau (ESRF)
Metatarsal (a) and (b) surface rendered models show medullary spongy bone infill and clear focalized cortical destruction near the periosteal margin; also evident on external cortical margin directly abutting malignant neoplasm is the characteristic hair on end bone reaction in (b).
Credit: Edward Odes (Wits)
Both incidences of disease were diagnosed using state of the art imaging technologies including those at the European Synchrotron Research Facility in Grenoble, France, medical CT at the Charlotte Maxeke Hospital in Johannesburg, and the micro-CT facility at the Nuclear Energy Corporation of South Africa at Pelindaba.
“Researchers in South Africa are at the forefront of using various X-Ray modalities to discover new and interesting facts about ancient human relatives,” notes Dr Jacqueline Smilg, a radiologist based at Charlotte Maxeke Hospital, who is an author on both papers and was involved in the clinical diagnoses. “This is another good example of how the modern clinical sciences and the science of palaeoanthropology are working together in South Africa and with international collaborators to advance our understanding of diseases in both the past and the present.”
Schalk Mouton
Source: http://www.ineffableisland.com/2016/07/cancer-and-paleolithic-diet-17-million.html
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