A Team of Physicists Dispels Rayleigh's Curse; Time to Rewrite Optical Textbooks
The resolution of an optical system (like a telescope or a camera) is limited by the so-called Rayleigh criterion. The Rayleigh criterion is the generally accepted criterion for the minimum resolvable detail – the imaging process is said to be diffraction-limited when the first diffraction minimum of the image of one source point coincides with the maximum of another.
An international team, led by Complutense University of Madrid, has broken this limit, showing that it is not a fundamental curse. This opens the door to considerable improvement in resolution and could force the revision of Optics textbooks. This research is the culmination of a thrilling race between four groups of scientists around the world.
Optical resolution is the ability of an imaging system to distinguish between closely spaced objects. In the picture, we show two points separated by the Rayleigh’s limit, as observed in the experiment.
In cooperation with scientists from Palacký University in Olomouc (Czech Republic), the physicist has managed to break this limit, reaching resolutions up to 17 times lower than those purported by Lord Rayleigh.
“Textbook Optics should be reconsidered and Rayleigh’s limit shall be placed in a broader context”, says Sánchez Soto, who is also a researcher at the Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Light in Erlangen (Germany).
The research, published in Optica, is the culmination of a thrilling race between four teams of scientists around the world. Everyone wanted to prove the violation of this limit, but the group led by the Spanish was the first to achieve it.
Improvements in imaging systems
The experiment shows that Rayleigh’s curse is not inherent, but a consequence of not having chosen a good detection strategy. “So far, all our telescopes or microscopes directly observed intensity. Here we propose a scheme that optimizes the information obtainable and can exceed the Rayleigh limit”, says the physicist.
The applications of this scientific breakthrough are “indubitable”. Some companies have already shown interest in the discovery.
Contacts and sources:
Citation: Martin Paúr, Bohumil Stoklasa, Zdenek Hradil, Luis L. Sánchez-Soto y Jaroslav Rehacek. “Achieving the ultimate optical resolution”, Optica 3 (10), 1144-1147, 2016. DOI: 10.1364/OPTICA.3.001144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OPTICA.3.001144
Source: http://www.ineffableisland.com/2016/10/a-team-of-physicists-dispels-rayleighs.html
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