Plate Tectonics Began Far Later Than Other Theories Propose
Earth formed about 4.6 billion years ago. As the surface cooled, it formed a crust over a molten magma interior. Geoscientists disagree over when plate tectonics began, specifically when the top layer of the crust, the lithosphere, began to slide over the underlying mantle. Estimates range from as early as a few tens of millions of years after the earth formed, to as late as 750 million years ago.
The steep angle is key because it takes water and carbon dioxide deep into the extremely hot mantle. Released water and carbon dioxide accumulate in the mantle, resulting in increases volatile pressure in the mantle, which is released through an explosion through the lithosphere in a pipe.
This paper stimulated a “Discussion and Reply” in the journal. In their reply, Tsujimori and his colleagues lay out their theory in a graphic that breaks up the earth’s history into five stages, the last of which is plate tectonics. This timeline is different from those developed by many other geologists, who argue that plate tectonics encompasses not just deep subduction, but also shallow subduction and other styles of surface recycling that geoscientists call “stagnant lid tectonics”.
Contact:s and sources:
Tatsuki Tsujimori
Center for Northeast Asian Studies, Tohoku University
Citaiton: Kimberlites and the start of plate tectonics
Authors: R.J. Stern, M.I. Leybourne, and T. Tsujimori
Journal: Geology DOI: 10.1130/G38024.1 Research paper
Source: http://www.ineffableisland.com/2017/05/plate-tectonics-began-far-later-than.html
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