New Evidence Suggests That Octopuses Aren’t Loners
The new site is the second gloomy octopus settlement found in the area, and the discovery lends credence to the idea that octopuses are not necessarily loners.
Mating is traditionally the only interaction that occurs between males and females, and once it’s over, the octopuses go their separate ways. While little is known about the solitary lives of octopuses, a few octopus settlements — areas where multiple individuals congregate and communicate with one another — have been found in recent years. The newly-discovered settlement of gloomy octopuses, whose range extends from the waters off Sydney to New Zealand, supports the idea that octopuses can congregate and socialize under the right conditions.
Gloomy octopus.
Credit: Photo: Peter Godfrey-Smith.
The second site is located just a few hundred meters away from the first site, and has been dubbed Octlantis. The site is about 10 to 15 meters under the water’s surface and is about 18 meters in length and four meters wide. It is composed of a few patches of exposed rock and beds of discarded shells from prey animals. A total of 13 occupied and 10 unoccupied octopus dens — holes excavated into sand or shell piles — were found at the site.
The researchers dove to place four GoPro cameras at the new site to film for a day, recording 10 hours of footage that showed numerous social interactions among the inhabitants. The number of octopuses observed at the site ranged from 10 to a high of 15.
“Animals were often pretty close to each other, often within arm’s reach,” Chancellor said. Mating, signs of aggression, chasing, and other signaling behaviors were observed. “Some of the octopuses were seen evicting other animals from their dens. There were some apparent threat displays where an animal would stretch itself out lengthwise in an ‘upright’ posture and its mantle would darken. Often another animal observing this behavior would quickly swim away,” she said. This behavior could be territorial, Chancellor explained, “but we still don’t really know much about octopus behavior. More research will be needed to determine what these actions might mean.”
A great deal of energy is exerted during antagonistic behavior, and it could lead to a potential risk of injury to the octopus, according to Chancellor. “We still don’t know what the benefits are of this kind of behavior, which is linked closely to living in densely populated settlements, compared to the life of a solitary octopus.”
David Scheel, Alaska Pacific University, Anchorage; Martin Hing, University of Wollongong, Australia; Stefan Lindquist, University of Guelph, Canada; and Peter Godfrey-Smith, University of Sydney, are authors on the paper.
This work was supported by the University of Sydney and by Alaska Pacific University from a donation by the Pollock Conservation Consortium.
Source: http://www.ineffableisland.com/2017/09/new-evidence-suggests-that-octopuses.html
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