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4th X-Flare In A Week: Sun Continues to Emit Solar Flares

Wednesday, October 30, 2013 14:08

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The sun emitted a significant solar flare – its fourth X-class flare since Oct. 23, 2013 — peaking at 5:54 p.m. on Oct. 29, 2013. Solar flares are powerful bursts of radiation. Harmful radiation from a flare cannot pass through Earth’s atmosphere to physically affect humans on the ground, however — when intense enough — they can disturb the atmosphere in the layer where GPS and communications signals travel.

X2.3 flare from 22:00 UT October 29. Blended SDO AIA 304 and 193 wavelengths.

Image Credit: NASA/SDO

This disrupts the radio signals for as long as the flare is ongoing, anywhere from minutes to hours.

The sun emitted a significant solar flare – its fourth X-class flare since Oct. 23, 2013 — peaking at 5:54 p.m. on Oct. 29, 2013. NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory captured the flare in this image, which shows light in wavelengths of both 304 and193 Angstroms.

Image Credit: NASA/SDO

To see how this event may impact Earth, please visit NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center athttp://spaceweather.gov, the U.S. government’s official source for space weather forecasts, alerts, watches and warnings.

This flare is classified as an X2.3 class flare. “X-class” denotes the most intense flares, while the number provides more information about its strength. An X2 is twice as intense as an X1, an X3 is three times as intense, etc.

Image Credit: NASA/SDO

Increased numbers of flares are quite common at the moment, since the sun’s normal 11-year activity cycle is ramping up toward solar maximum conditions. Humans have tracked this solar cycle continuously since it was discovered in 1843, and it is normal for there to be many flares a day during the sun’s peak activity.

After emitting its first significant solar flares since June 2013 earlier in the week, the sun continued to produce mid-level and significant solar flares on Oct. 27 and Oct. 28, 2013.

X2.3 flare from 22:00 UT October 29. Blended SDO AIA 131 and 171 wavelengths.

Image Credit: NASA/SDO

Solar flares are powerful bursts of radiation. Harmful radiation from a flare cannot pass through Earth’s atmosphere to physically affect humans on the ground, however — when intense enough — they can disturb the atmosphere in the layer where GPS and communications signals travel.

One of the larger flares was classified as an X1.0 flare, which peaked at 10:03 p.m. EDT on Oct. 27. “X-class” denotes the most intense flares, while the number provides more information about its strength. An X2 is twice as intense as an X1, an X3 is three times as intense, etc. In the past, X-class flares of this intensity have caused degradation or blackouts of radio communications for about an hour.

Another large flare was classified as an M5.1 flare, which peaked at 12: 41 a.m. EDT on Oct. 28. Between Oct. 23, and the morning of Oct 28, there were three X-class flares and more than 15 additional M-class flares.

X2.3 flare from 22:00 UT October 29. Blended SDO AIA 171 and 131 wavelengths. Cropped.

Image Credit: NASA/SDO

Increased numbers of flares are quite common at the moment, since the sun is headed toward solar maximum conditions as part of its normal 11-year activity cycle. Humans have tracked this solar cycle continuously since it was discovered in 1843, and it is normal for there to be many flares a day during the sun’s peak activity.

The recent solar flare activity has also been accompanied by several coronal mass ejections or CMEs, another solar phenomenon that can send billions of tons of particles into space that can reach Earth one to three days later. These particles cannot travel through the atmosphere to harm humans on Earth, but they can affect electronic systems in satellites and on the ground.

Updates will be provided as needed.

Contacts and sources:
Karen C. Fox
NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md.

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