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Signal From Birth Of Time

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Using a telescope in Antarctica and ESA’s Herschel space observatory, astronomers have made the first detection of a subtle twist in the relic radiation from the Big Bang, paving the way towards revealing the first moments of the Universe’s existence.

The elusive signal was found in the way the first light in the Universe has been deflected during its journey to Earth by intervening galaxy clusters and dark matter, an invisible substance that is detected only indirectly through its gravitational influence.

 
Deflecting light from the Big Bang
Credit: ESA

The discovery points the way towards finding evidence for gravitational waves born during the Universe’s rapid ‘inflation’ phase, a crucial result keenly anticipated from ESA’s Planck mission.

The relic radiation from the Big Bang – the Cosmic Microwave Background, or CMB – was imprinted on the sky when the Universe was just 380 000 years old. Today, some 13.8 billion years later, we see it as a sky filled with radio waves at a temperature of just 2.7 degrees above absolute zero.

Tiny variations in this temperature – around a few tens of millionths of a degree – reveal density fluctuations in the early Universe corresponding to the seeds of galaxies and stars we see today. The most detailed all-sky map of temperature variations in the background was revealed by Planck in March.

But the CMB also contains a wealth of other information. A small fraction of the light is polarised, like the light we can see using polarised glasses. This polarised light has two distinct patterns: E-modes and B-modes.

E-modes were first found in 2002 with a ground-based telescope. B-modes, however, are potentially much more exciting to cosmologists, although much harder to detect.

They can arise in two ways. The first involves adding a twist to the light as it crosses the Universe and is deflected by galaxies and dark matter – a phenomenon known as gravitational lensing.

The second has its roots buried deep in the mechanics of a very rapid phase of enormous expansion of the Universe, which cosmologists believe happened just a tiny fraction of a second after the Big Bang – ‘inflation’.

The new study has combined data from the South Pole Telescope and Herschel to make the first detection of B-mode polarisation in the CMB due to gravitational lensing.

“This measurement was made possible by a clever and unique combination of ground-based observations from the South Pole Telescope – which measured the light from the Big Bang – with space-based observations from Herschel, which is sensitive to the galaxies that trace the dark matter which caused the gravitational lensing,” says Joaquin Vieira, of the California Institute of Technology and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, who led the Herschel survey used in the study.

 
Contacts and sources:
ESA



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    Total 2 comments
    • Blackie the faithful border collie

      Sorry mate. You have to mention the lord or the bible in if you want a comment.

    • HereAmI

      Not a single thing we are being told here is true.
      There was no Big Bang. Explosions do not produce information, the kind of information which is welded into our DNA. Explosions do not produce revolving galaxies, and they do not produce the localized mass excesses which are implied by the subsequent development of those galaxies. The much-lauded “proof” of the big bang, ie the CMB, for which Arno and Penzias were awarded their entirely undeserved Nobel Prize, ( shades of Obama here ) was hypothesized by Arthur Eddington in the 20′s, long before their moment of empty glory; he predicted this ubiquitous background temperature in space, but suggested that it was attributable not to the residual glow from some ancient explosion, but to the present-day energy efflux from the stars themselves.
      He even successfully predicted the exact temperature which would eventually be measured.
      Neither do explosions produce the Great Wall of galaxies in space, which was first detected in1987; nor do they produce the Sloan Great Wall, which was subsequently discovered in 2003. This latter is a wall of galaxies allegedly 1.37 billion light years across, ie a mass concentration entirely incommensurate with a random explosion in some past age, but entirely in harmony with a created universe.
      What we have here are random theories, entirely disconnected from each other, and each crudely woven into a ramshackle and threadbare garment purporting to “explain” yet another observation which does not fit in with the Mother of all Fantasies, the gravitational theory for the origin of the universe.
      Let us be clear.
      God has explained the nature and provenance of the created universe, eg at Isaiah 45, v 18.
      “For thus saith the Lord that created the heavens, God Himself that formed the earth and made it, He hath established it, He created it not in vain, He formed it to be inhabited”.
      “Mine hand hath laid the foundation of the earth, and My right hand hath stretched out the heavens; when I call unto them, they stand up together”.
      Let us further be aware that what the Lord God has done once, he will do again.
      “For behold, I create new heavens, and a new earth, and the former shall not be remembered, nor come into mind”.
      The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom, and to depart from iniquity is understanding.

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