The white police officer who fatally shot Tamir Rice, an African American 12-year-old, will not face criminal charges, it was announced on Monday – more than a year after the shooting in Cleveland.

A grand jury declined to indict officer Timothy Loehmann, who opened fire on Tamir less than two seconds after arriving at a park where the 12-year-old was playing with a toy gun on 22 November 2014. Loehmann’s partner, Frank Garmback, will also face no charges, Cuyahoga county prosecutor Timothy McGinty announced at a press conference.

McGinty argued that Tamir’s death was caused by a “perfect storm of human error, mistakes and miscommunications by all involved that day” but there was no evidence of criminal misconduct by police. The two officers believed they were responding to a “potential active shooter situation” and had not been provided with crucial details of a 911 call reporting that Rice was likely a juvenile with a gun that was “probably fake”, McGinty said.

“Had the officers been aware of these qualifiers, the training officer who was driving might have approached the scene with less urgency; lives may not have been put at stake,” McGinty said.

Subodh Chandra, an attorney for Tamir’s mother Samaria, said they had been given no information about the announcement beforehand and had learned it was taking place through a public statement made by the county prosecutor’s office about an hour earlier.

McGinty said he had spoken to Samaria Rice shortly before the decision was made public. “It was a tough conversation,” McGinty said, adding “she was broken up”.

In a statement, Tamir’s family said they were “saddened and disappointed” by the outcome, “but not surprised”.

“It has been clear for months now that Cuyahoga County prosecutor Timothy McGinty was abusing and manipulating the grand jury process to orchestrate a vote against indictment,” the statement said.

The family accused McGinty of mishandling the grand jury process, by hiring expert witnesses and allowing the officers to read prepared statements, which “compounded the grief of this family”.

Cleveland mayor Frank Jackson said the city would not begin an administrative review process of the incident, and would not comment on whether the grand jury’s decision not to charge the officers was an “appropriate outcome”.

“This has caused the city of Cleveland – with the loss of a child at the hands of a police officer – to do a lot of soul searching so that an incident like this will never happen again,” Jackson said.

The Rice family filed an amended civil case against the city in January. Two months later the city responded by arguing in a defense filing that Tamir’s own actions had “directly and proximately” caused his own death. The filing was followed by an apology from Jackson, who described the wording as “very insensitive”.

On Monday, McGinty argued that the civil lawsuit “may yet provide the Rice family with some of the accountability they deserve”.

Jackson also said the city would protect “everyone’s right to express themselves if they disagree with the grand jury’s decision. But your rights end when you do harm to people and property when expressing your opinion. Our position on that hasn’t changed.”

Protests at Cudell Park, the site of Tamir’s death, were expected Monday evening. Sources in the prosecutor’s office told the Guardian that local business and political leaders had asked for the grand jury announcement to come during Christmas vacation time to limit the size of crowds.

The prosecutor’s handling of the grand jury process, which began in October, has been heavily criticised by the Rice family and local activists, after the prosecutor proceeded to drip feed evidence seen by the grand jury to the public, which included reports from experts concluding that the shooting was justified.

Neither Loehmann nor Garmback appeared before the grand jury, and instead provided unsworn statements that were read to jurors earlier in the month. Loehmann claimed he shot because Tamir pulled the pellet gun from his waistband, “had been threatening others with the weapon and had not obeyed our command to show us his hands”.

Tamir’s family argued it would have been impossible for the officers to have issued commands given the fraction of time that elapsed before shots were fired.

McGinty argued on Monday that a grainy enhanced CCTV image of the moment before Loehmann opened fire showed it was “indisputable that Tamir was drawing his gun from his waist”. McGinty said this single image was “perhaps the most critical piece of evidence” in the whole case.

“At the point where they suddenly came together, both Tamir and the rookie officer were no doubt frightened.” McGinty said. “If we put ourselves in the victims’ shoes, as prosecutors and detectives try to do, it is likely that Tamir, whose size made him look much older and who had been warned that his pellet gun might get him into trouble that day, either intended to hand it over to the officers or show them it wasn’t a real gun.

“But there was no way for the officers to know that because they saw events rapidly unfolding in front of them from a very different perspective.”

The prosecutor pointed to a number of reforms that have been implemented in the county since Tamir’s death, including an agreement between the federal government and the Cleveland police department to reform use of force and other major policy issues, and the roll-out of body cameras and dashboard cameras. He also called on the manufacturers of toy guns to modify their designs.

“If the color and design of Tamir’s pellet gun had screamed toy, then the call that set this tragedy into motion may have never happened,” he said.

McGinty left the press conference without answering questions from reporters.

Samaria Rice had testified to the grand jury about the loss of her son. In a statement, her attorney said that she had asked the jurors whether the officers’ actions “could possibly be ‘reasonable’ or ‘justifiable’”. It said: “She believes that the answer is plainly no.”

Tamir’s death in 2014 followed the high-profile police killings of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri and Eric Garner in Staten Island, New York, which sparked a new civil rights movement across the United States and calls for reform of US policing.

Tamir’s family renewed their call on Monday for the Department of Justice to conduct an investigation into the shooting.

http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/dec/28/tamir-rice-shooting-no-charges-cleveland-officer-timothy-loehmann