Unattractive Female Moths Benefit From Proximity To Attractive Ones
Female moths that are unattractive can increase their chances of attracting a mate by emitting their sex pheromones in close proximity to attractive females, according to research from the University of Amsterdam and North Carolina State University. The findings were published in Scientific Reports on Friday, 22 December. They shed light on strategies used by animals to better their chances of finding mates.
Variation in sex pheromones
In insects, and moths in particular, attractiveness is mainly linked to scent: females emit a sex pheromone that attract males, sometimes from hundreds of meters away. Research on many populations of the noctuid moth Heliothis virescens showed that females are far more variable in their sex pheromone than was previously assumed. In the lab this variation was discovered to have a genetic basis: individuals could be selected to create attractive and unattractive lines.
The most unexpected finding was that attractive females also benefited from proximity to unattractive females: they mated sooner than attractive females on their own or with another attractive female nearby. Van Wijk: ‘These findings show the importance of the social environment. Unattractive females don’t stand a chance on their own, but their odds are much better in the proximity of an attractive female. And attractive females become more attractive when there are unattractive females close by.’
Contacts and sources:
University of Amsterdam (UVA)
Citation: Michiel Van Wijk, Jeremy Heath, Rik Lievers, Coby Schal and Astrid Groot: ‘Proximity of signalers can maintain sexual signal variation under stabilizing selection’, in: Scientific Reports (22 December 2017). DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17327-9
Source: http://www.ineffableisland.com/2017/12/unattractive-female-moths-benefit-from.html
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http://bleacherreport.com/articles/2301768-athletes-making-political-and-social-statements
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