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Unattractive Female Moths Benefit From Proximity To Attractive Ones

Sunday, December 24, 2017 14:17

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If helps to have attractive attractive friends.

Female moths that are unattractive can increase their chances of attracting a mate by emitting their sex pheromones in close proximity to attractive females, according to research from the University of Amsterdam and North Carolina State University. The findings were published in Scientific Reports on Friday, 22 December. They shed light on strategies used by animals to better their chances of finding mates.

Credit: University of Amsterdam

Who has the best chances of attracting a mate? ‘The most attractive one, it is often assumed’, explains first author Michiel van Wijk of the UvA’s Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED). ‘But if that were the only factor, you would find less and less variation in attractiveness over time. The unattractive individuals would cease to exist. But generally speaking that is not what see: whether you’re talking about birds, fish, moths or humans – all kinds of species include individuals with varying levels of attractiveness.’

Variation in sex pheromones

In insects, and moths in particular, attractiveness is mainly linked to scent: females emit a sex pheromone that attract males, sometimes from hundreds of meters away. Research on many populations of the noctuid moth Heliothis virescens showed that females are far more variable in their sex pheromone than was previously assumed. In the lab this variation was discovered to have a genetic basis: individuals could be selected to create attractive and unattractive lines.

Credit: University of Amsterdam

’By testing females from these selection lines in the field we and our colleagues in the US found that the unattractive females never attract a mate when they are in the proximity of other unattractive females’, last author Astrid Groot of IBED explains. ‘But when in close proximity to an attractive female, her chances of attracting a mate are as good as those of an attractive female on her own. This indicates males sometimes make “mistakes” as they navigate to their target’.

The most unexpected finding was that attractive females also benefited from proximity to unattractive females: they mated sooner than attractive females on their own or with another attractive female nearby. Van Wijk: ‘These findings show the importance of the social environment. Unattractive females don’t stand a chance on their own, but their odds are much better in the proximity of an attractive female. And attractive females become more attractive when there are unattractive females close by.’

Contacts and sources:
University of Amsterdam (UVA)

Citation: Michiel Van Wijk, Jeremy Heath, Rik Lievers, Coby Schal and Astrid Groot: ‘Proximity of signalers can maintain sexual signal variation under stabilizing selection’, in: Scientific Reports (22 December 2017). DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17327-9

Source: http://www.ineffableisland.com/2017/12/unattractive-female-moths-benefit-from.html

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Comments

Total 2 comments

Anonymous

Politicians (puppets of the real rulers) shine in the victory of Athletes, Hollywood the same thing. (fame and beauty)
http://bleacherreport.com/articles/2301768-athletes-making-political-and-social-statements

Dec 27, 2017, 11:49 am 0 Reply
Anonymous

Most are unelected psychopaths and narcissists that glorify themselves.
The bloodline carpet walkers, (female as in whores, beta not alpha, sell outs.)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dgkp9ypEPX4

Dec 27, 2017, 1:12 pm 0 Reply

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