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YPM VP057103: neither Dromicosuchus nor Poposaurus

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Figure 1. YPM VP 057 103 skull in situ, traced with colors using DGS methodology and reconstructed. Hard to tell if the postorbital is fused to the postfrontal here due to heavy cracking. The antorbital fossa identified here may instead by an elongate antorbital fenestra, as in Pseudhesperosuchus.

Identified online
by Brian Switek in 2016 on Twitter Fossil Friday as Poposaurus (Fig. 6), and published by the Yale Peabody Museum as cf. Dromicosuchus (Fig. 4) by Sterling Nesbitt 2018, specimen YPM VP 057 103 (Figs. 1–3) nests in the large reptile tree (LRT, 1342 taxa) as a member of the basal Crocodylomorpha, between incomplete Junggarsuchus and bipedal Pseudhesperosuchus.

FIgure 2. YPM VP 057 103 in situ with bones colored and reconstructed skull shown alongside.

Notable traits in the YPM specimen:
The premaxilla was elevated and pointed anteriorly forming a shark-like nose. The rostrum was elongate. The cervicals are longer than in sister taxa. The pubis curved posteriorly, as in another quadruped, Trialestes (Fig. 5). Distinct from sister taxa (and most tetrapods), the humerus was much longer than the femur in the YPM specimen. This basal crocodylomorph with long limbs and a short torso appears to have been able to gallop rapidly, something a few extant crocs are able to do.

Figure 3. YPM VP 057 103 reconstructed using color tracings from figures 1 and 2 in two scales. The smaller one shows the tail attached.

The skull of the YPM specimen
does indeed remind one of Dromicosuchus (Fig. 4), but the skull of the YPM specimen all by itself can nest it with basal crocs in the LRT, 20 steps apart from Dromicosuchus.

Figure 4. Dromicosuchus makes a first appearance here at PH.WP.com. Note the similarities to the YPM specimen. Phylogenetic analysis nests the YPM specimen apart from Dromicosuchus by 20 steps.

Another long-legged, quadrupedal, basal crocodylomorph
is Trialestes (Fig. 5) which shares several traits arrived at by convergence. Note the femur remains longer than the humerus and the pubis curves posteriorly

FIgure 5. Trialestes was secondarily quadrupedal and had elongate proximal carpals, though here the radius is the smaller element, matching the diameter of the radius.

Poposaurus (Fig. 6) has distinctly different proportions. Likely the identification of this specimen changed behind the scenes between 2016 and 2018. Someone should mention this to Brian Switek so he can make an edit to his Twitter account.

Figure 6. Revised skull reconstruction for the PEFO specimen. Here the anterior is considered a premaxilla. Those teeth are shaped like triangles, but they are very deeply rooted and exposed very little, which casts doubts on its hypercarnivory.

The YPM specimen shares many traits
and nests with Pseudhesperosuchus (Fig. 7), another basal crocodylomorph, and not far from the origin of dinosaurs.

References:
http://collections.peabody.yale.edu/search/Record/YPM-VP-057103


Source: https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/2018/12/05/ypm-vp057103-neither-dromicosuchus-nor-poposaurus/


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