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Monastic Visitation Older, Different than Diocesan Forms

Sunday, July 5, 2020 3:06

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Cistercians are often credited with having promoted and even invented the principles of visitation throughout the twelfth century; the Fourth Lateran Council (1215) was duly impressed and extended Cistercian models to other religious orders. Finally, so goes the survey’s logic, the Council of Trent (1545–1563) made visitation into a precept of good ecclesiastical form.

Although correct in its basic assertions, the above model may over-emphasize the Cistercian contribution to the history of canonical visitations. Calling the twelfth century the “first century of visitation”, as the monastic historian David Knowles does, is flattering to the Cistercian movement, but may be a bit too simple.

In his insightful essay about canonical visitations in Lebenswelt der Zisterzienser, recently published in its second edition, Jörg Oberste explains that visitation is much more ancient. Biblical in its origins, visitation developed among the monks and nuns of the patristic era and become a Carolingian priority on a grand scale. Even before that, it had reached rather sophisticated levels (e.g. delegating visitators) already in the seventh century.

Oberste, a medievalist in Regensburg, explains the development of monastic visitation as a phenomenon with its own specific profile, closing his article with a section about the Fourth Lateran Council. Seen in this light, 1215 remains the beginning or high point of a new era of visitation, but it also marks the end of a very long history of visitations that went before.

Jörg Oberste, Das gottgeweihte Leben auf dem Prüfstand. Kirchliche und klösterliche Visitationen vor den Zisterziensern, in: Die Lebenswelt der Zisterzienser (Regensburg–Heiligenkreuz 12020) 184–205.

Source: http://cistercium.blogspot.com/2020/07/monastic-visitation-older-different.html

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