The link between unemployment and real economic growth in Australia
We revisit our 10-year-old models linking real GDP per head and the rate of unemployment in developed countries. We have already validated the modified Okun’s law using new data for the USA, Canada, France, and Germany. For the USA, we had more sources of data: the estimates from the BEA and BLS were used in addition to the OECD and Maddison Project Database. The new GDP and unemployment data covered the years between 2010 and 2019. Excellent model performance was achieved with just a few breaks in the linear link between the change rate in the GDP per capita and the change in the rate of unemployment. The years of these breaks correspond to the breaks in the GDP per head time series caused by revisions to real GDP definition.
In this post, we apply the same approach to Australia. According to the established procedure, we first present the breaks in the GDP deflator, dGDP. The difference between the CPI and dGDP clearly reveals the definitional breaks in the dGDP estimates. In the upper panel of Figure 1, we present the evolution of the cumulative inflation (the sum of annual inflation estimates) as defined by the CPI and dGDP between 1962 (we use the OECD data for the unemployment rate since 1961) and 2018. Both variables are normalized to their respective values in 1960. In the middle panel, the inflation rate is presented for both indices, and the lower panel displays the differences of the curves in the upper and middle panel. The difference between cumulative price change estimates has a complex structure with many pivot points. In such a complex structure, the estimated break years might be no so reliable due to larger uncertainty in the modeled parameters.
Figure 1. Upper panel: The evolution of the cumulative inflation (the sum of annual inflation estimates) as defined by the CPI and dGDP between 1961 and 2018. Both variables are normalized to their respective values in 1961. Middle panel: The dGDP and CPI inflation estimates. Lower panel: The difference between the CPI and the dGDP curves in the upper and middle panels.
In our model, we are looking for breaks near the years and obtain the following intervals and coefficients:
dup = -0.76dlnG + 1.50, 1993>t≥1977
dup = -0.35dlnG + 0.75, 2006≥t≥1993
dup = -0.76dlnG + 1.25, 2013≥t≥2007
dup = -0.36dlnG + 0.25, t≥2014 (1)
Figure 2. Upper panel: The measured rate of unemployment in Australia between 1977 and 2018, and the rate predicted by model (1) with the real GDP per capita published by the MPD and the unemployment rate reported by the OECD. Middle panel: The model residual: stdev=2.5%. Lower panel: Linear regression of the measured and predicted time series. Rsq. = 0.87.
Source: http://mechonomic.blogspot.com/2021/01/the-link-between-unemployment-and-real.html
Anyone can join.
Anyone can contribute.
Anyone can become informed about their world.
"United We Stand" Click Here To Create Your Personal Citizen Journalist Account Today, Be Sure To Invite Your Friends.
Please Help Support BeforeitsNews by trying our Natural Health Products below!
Order by Phone at 888-809-8385 or online at https://mitocopper.com M - F 9am to 5pm EST
Order by Phone at 866-388-7003 or online at https://www.herbanomic.com M - F 9am to 5pm EST
Order by Phone at 866-388-7003 or online at https://www.herbanomics.com M - F 9am to 5pm EST
Humic & Fulvic Trace Minerals Complex - Nature's most important supplement! Vivid Dreams again!
HNEX HydroNano EXtracellular Water - Improve immune system health and reduce inflammation.
Ultimate Clinical Potency Curcumin - Natural pain relief, reduce inflammation and so much more.
MitoCopper - Bioavailable Copper destroys pathogens and gives you more energy. (See Blood Video)
Oxy Powder - Natural Colon Cleanser! Cleans out toxic buildup with oxygen!
Nascent Iodine - Promotes detoxification, mental focus and thyroid health.
Smart Meter Cover - Reduces Smart Meter radiation by 96%! (See Video).