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How to tell if a bone is modern or not

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“1. Density. A fossilized bone will be much more dense than if it were modern.
2. Hot needle test. If you put the hot tip of a needle to modern bone, it produces a stench. Fossilized bone doesn’t.
3. Not always, but coloration can sometimes help indicate if a bone is a fossil or modern. If the fossil in question is as white as a modern bone, use the above two methods to help you deduce.” (quoted from the second post inhttp://www.thefossilforum.com/index.php?/topic/63369-how-to-tell-if-a-bone-is-a-fossil/ )
“Bone reinforced with exogenous minerals is said to be “mineralized.” If the bone components (including the hydroxyapatite) are entirely replaced by exogenous minerals such as silica, it is said to be “replaced by -”. If a bone is mineralized, it is more likely to be a fossil. If a bone is not mineralized, it is less likely to be a fossil. No absolutes, only likelihoods, because there are exceptions.” (quoted from the fifth post by Harry Pristis in http://www.thefossilforum.com/index.php?/topic/73446-how-to-tell-if-a-bone-is-modern-or-not/ )
“Petrifaction (literally, “turned to stone”, where the original material is replaced with mineral while preserving the original structure) is a form of fossilization; “fossilized” is just a much broader category. With bones, if the conditions are right, the first step is the loss of the collagen (proteins); this can leave a comparatively fragile, “weathered” bone. If the bone is resting in a mineral-rich environment, its porous natural mineral structure may become permeated with soluble minerals; “permineralized”. This is heavier and (usually) tougher than weathered bone. For it to become truly “petrified”, the bone’s original minerals would slowly be replaced (often cell-by-cell) with inorganic minerals from the environment.”

“Rapid burial is the first prerequisite for fossilization; keeps the scavengers from recycling it. Immersion is no substitute for burial, but it is a route to getting there.”

“The word “fossil” derives from the Latin “fossus” (meaning “dug up”). A fossil is defined as the preserved remains of an animal, plant or other organism and would generally infer some kind of lithification, mineralisation, chemical alteration or diagenesis. Various types of preservation processes proceed at different rates for different kinds of tissues and conditions of exposure or burial and chemical interaction. Some types of mummification (beyond simple dehydration) would also be regarded as fossilisation processes. Although most ordinary folk tend to think of fossils in millions of years of age, for palaeontologists there is a generally accepted (but completely arbitrary) cut-off date of 10,000 years. For recent fossils, the preservation may be dehydration or enrobement coupled with some level of mineralisation – even if only as a surface effect. For ancient fossils, complete mineralisation and replacement of the original organic item (or the voids within it) is more typical.” (quoted from posts 2, 4, and 12 in http://www.thefossilforum.com/index.php?/topic/32150-difference-between-fossilized-and-petrifiedand-other-stuff/ )

In view of the above, this is unlikely to be a modern bone:http://photo.xuite.net/lin440315940/10660528/22.jpg/sizes/o/

For detailed description, see A human leg bone fossil of 300 mya

 

 

 

 


Source: http://wretchfossil.blogspot.com/2018/08/how-to-tell-if-bone-is-modern-or-not.html


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    • Anonymous

      “No absolutes, only likelihoods, because there are exceptions.”

      Exceptional test results won’t corroborate long standing theories, so are considered anomalous.

      Everything is self-reinforcing.

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