Gigantic Mammal “Cousin” Discovered
During the Triassic period (252–201 million years ago) mammal-like reptiles called therapsids co-existed with ancestors to dinosaurs, crocodiles, mammals, pterosaurs, turtles, frogs, and lizards. One group of therapsids are the dicynodonts. Researchers at Uppsala University in Sweden, together with colleagues in Poland, have discovered fossils from a new genus of gigantic dicynodont. The new species is described in the journal Science.
Photograph: Tomasz Sulej
The earth is about 4.5 billion years old and has gone through many geological periods and dramatic change. During the Triassic period, about 252–201 million years ago, all land on Earth came together and formed the massive continent called Pangea. During this time, the first dinosaurs came into being as well as ancestors to crocodiles, mammals, pterosaurs, turtles, frogs, and lizards. Recently, scientists have become interested in another type of animal, therapsids
Credit: Grzegorz Niedzwiedzki
For the first time, researchers in the research programme Evolution and Development at Uppsala University in collaboration with researchers at the Polish Academy of Sciences (Warsaw), have discovered fossils from a new species of dicynodont in the Polish village of Lisowice. The species was named Lisowicia bojani after the village and a German comparative anatomist named Ludwig Heinrich Bojanus who worked in Vilnius and is known for making several important anatomical discoveries.
“The discovery of Lisowicia changes our ideas about the latest history of dicynodonts, mammal Triassic relatives. It also raises far more questions about what really make them and dinosaurs so large,” says Dr Tomasz Sulej, Polish Academy of Sciences.
“Dicynodonts were amazingly successful animals in the Middle and Late Triassic. Lisowicia is the youngest dicynodont and the largest non-dinosaurian terrestrial tetrapod from the Triassic. It’s natural to want to know how dicynodonts became so large. Lisowicia is hugely exciting because it blows holes in many of our classic ideas of Triassic ‘mammal-like reptiles’,” says Dr Grzegorz Niedzwiedzki, Uppsala University.
The first findings of fossils from Lisowice in Poland were made in 2005 by Robert Borzęcki and Piotr Menducki. Since then, more than 1,000 bones and bone fragments have been collected from the area, including fossils from Lisowicia. The area is thought to have been a river deposit during the Late Triassic period.
Credit: Tomasz Sulej
The discovery of Lisowicia provides the first evidence that mammal-like elephant sized dicynodonts were present at the same time as the more well-known long-necked sauropodomorph dinosaurs, contrary to previous belief. Sauropodomorphs include species like the Diplodocus or Brachiosaurus.
Credit: Grzegorz Niedzwiedzki
“The discovery of such an important new species is a once in a lifetime discovery,” says Dr Tomasz Sulej
Contacts and sources:
Linda KoffmarUppsala University
Citation: An elephant-sized Late Triassic synapsid with erect limbs, T. Sulej, G. Niedźwiedzki, Science 10.1126/science.aal4853 (2018).
Source: http://www.ineffableisland.com/2018/11/gigantic-mammal-cousin-discovered.html
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