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Meiacanthus, a little venomous Western Pacific blenny enters the LRT with the much larger North Atlantic wolffish, also with dentary fangs

Friday, December 30, 2022 13:57

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Meiacanthus grammistes
(originally Blennechis grammistes Cuvier and Valenciennes 1836, Fig 1) is the striped poison-fang blenny. It lives in the warm Western Pacific and grows to 11cm in length. The lower jaw is notable for its large venomous upside-down saber teeth.

Figure 2. Skull of the wolffish, Anarhichas. Note the large dentary fangs and robust circumorbital ring as in Meiacanthus (figure 1). Here the cranium is uniqely pinched behind the orbits, similar to cynodont mammals. I can’t think of another tested fish in the LRT that does this.

Olson 2017 reported,
“Smith et al. (2016) found that of the roughly 2,500 known venomous fish species, only two genera deliver venom with their fangs, including the one-jawed eel (Monognathus), and the fang-tooth blenny (Meiacanthus).”

Gene studies by Olson 2017
nest Meiacanthus with Channa among tested taxa. That’s not too far off from the LRT results. Unfortunately, Olson also nests Anarhichas with Gasterosteus, the stickleback. That’s very far off from the LRT, which nests sticklebacks with pipefish and sea horses based on traits.

Figure 3. Anarhichas in vivo. At 1.5m, this is what happens to blennies that enter the Atliantic. This taxon is not venomous. Pelvic fins are lost.

This appears to be a novel hypothesis of interrelationships.
If not, please provide a citation so I can promote it here.

References
Cuvier G and Valenciennes A 1836. Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome onzième. Livre treizième. De la famille des Mugiloïdes. Livre quatorzième. De la famille des Gobioïdes. v. 11: i-xx + 1-506 + 2 pp., Pls. 307-343. [Valenciennes authored volume. i-xv + 1-373 in Strasbourg edition.]
Olson E 2017. The evolution of fangs across ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii). Culminating Projects in Biology. 22.https://repository.stcloudstate.edu/biol_etds/22

wiki/Meiacanthus_grammistes
wiki/Atlantic_wolffish
http://www.venomdoc.com/
The Sidney Morning Herald: Meet the fang blenny

Source: https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/2022/12/31/meiacanthus-a-little-venomous-western-pacific-blenny-enters-the-lrt-with-the-much-larger-north-atlantic-wolffish-also-with-dentary-fangs/

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