The Basic Science of MMS (Chlorine Dioxide)

The Basic Science of MMS (Chlorine Dioxide)

Isn’t it about time that YOU found out just how incredibly powerful and inexpensive is Chlorine Dioxide, one of the most powerful germ killers on earth, yet costs next to nothing and can be made at home?

[April 12, 2018 Update from Ken Adachi: The science of using MMS has been evolving since its inception. Currently, there are two designations for MMS: "MMS 1" and "MMS 2." MMS 1 refers to Jim Humble's original formula of 22.4% Sodium Chlorite solution activated with an equal amount of 50% Citric Acid solution. MMS 2 refers to another chlorite compound called Calcium Hypochlorite, which is ingested as granules inside a gel cap and are '"activated" by your stomach acid. Another idea was developed in 2011 to infuse chlorine dioxide gas directly into water from the activated MMS1 solution and drink the infused water itself, rather than ingest the chlorite salts with the citric acid (this proved to be easier on the stomach and is preferred by many). This form is called CDS Water.

A) MMS 1. Traditionally, MMS 1 was made using a certain number of drops of 22.4% Sodium Chlorite solution mixed with an equal number of drops of 50% Citric Acid solution and allowed to "activate" for 30 seconds. Then, add 4 oz. of water to these activated drops and drink. MMS 1 can also be activated using an equal number of drops of 4% hydrochloric acid. This form of activated MMS1 is called "CDH."

B) MMS 2 uses Calcium Hypochlorite, a granular powder sold in pool supply stores (buy 65%), that is swallowed in gel capsules and then 'self-activated' by stomach acid (hydrochloric acid, HCL) . Rather than produce chlorine dioxide gas, calcium hypochlorite produces Hypochlorous Acid when activated (explained in greater detail below).

C) CDS Water (or Chlorine Dioxide Solution) is an idea developed by Andreas Kalcker to infuse chlorine dioxide gas directly into water. It's a simple technique to extract the chlorine dioxide gas coming off an activated solution of MMS 1 by infusing the gas into a bottle of distilled water (drinking CDS water is much easier on the body (no sharp taste) than drinking activated MMS 1 and allows more people with sensitive stomachs to take in larger amounts of chlorine dioxide with less discomfort. I usually produce CDS Water in a concentration of 500-600ppm range for ease of storage in the fridge, but consume CDS Water in the 100-150ppm range (which is plenty strong).

D) Highly Concentrated CDS Water in the 2400-3000ppm range is made using another technique that I call "Enclosed Atmospheric Infusion." It takes about 12 hours to work. Send an email if interested in 3000ppm CDS Water. ...End of updated notes]

(Original Introduction)

I’ve included three videos below on makig CDS, howcver, I posted an article in 2013 describing an easy, step by step procedure of how to make CDS at home using a simple CDS ‘produciton rig’ that will produce a concentrated solution of CDS in a few minutes, yet remain active for at least two months when capped and stored in the refrigerator.

The orginal video from Andreas Kalcker made in Nov. 2011 using a heated water bath to heat up the chlorine dioxide gas and bubble it into the receptor saline bottle, and a newer technique using a small air pump to push the heated chlorine dioxide gas into water bottles, and Jim Humble’s demonstration of blowing the air stream yourself, made in April 2012, showing how to make CDS using two small diameter lengths of tubing (silicone tubing works best), and a small baby bottle with rubber nipple, to blow the gas into the receptor water bottle. In my step by step instructions linked above, I skipped the baby nipple idea and just drilled holes for my 1/4 inch tubing in the plastic cap I used for my glass mixing bottle and for my CDS water bottles. Any of these methods will work, but the simpler technique of blowing the air yourself seems easier and faster

Don’t allow knee jerk, media-conditioned skepticism to keep you from taking this discovery seriously with skeptical thoughts such as: “It’s just too simple, too inexpensive, and too easy to be real.” you are whispering to yourself. Of course, it’s always a pity if one’s skepticism is going keep you from realizing a simple and quick cure, but some people seem to prefer skepticism, pain and misery over enlightenment ~ at least for a time. For those who can heed these words, study the info below, obtain some MMS, and start curing yourself (and enjoying your life again). This stuff works like Gang Busters. Don’t put off discovering this for yourself…Ken Adachi]

Related

How to Make CDS Water, the World’s Most Powerful Germ Killer & Disease Eradicator at Home ~ For Next to Nothing (March 15, 2013)

http://educate-yourself.org/mms/cdsproductionexplained15mar13.shtml

MMS YouTube Testimonials
https://www.youtube.com/user/MMStestimonials/videos?view=0&sort=dd&shelf_id=0

MMS written and video testimonials:
• http://mmstestimonials.is/
• curezone.com/faq/p/e2.asp?a=28,571&s=59&u=1&o=31253
• natmedtalk.com/f50/2115-mms-testimonials-only-2.html
• healthsalon.org/mms-testimonials/

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MMS Support email
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From Jim Humble

http://educate-yourself.org/mms/chlorinedioxidebasics004sep12.shtml#top

E-Y posted September 4, 2012
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The Basic Science of MMS (Chlorine Dioxide) Sep. 4, 2012

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Basic Science of MMS (Chlorine Dioxide)

http://mmswiki.is/index.php?title=Basic_Science_of_MMS

• What this document is about
• MMS are the initials for Master Mineral Solution
• Chemical structure of MMS
• Chemical formula of chlorine dioxide
• Making chlorine dioxide 
• Is MMS a bleach? 
• What our critics do that makes them dead wrong
• Oxidation as use to kill microorganisms
• Killing Viruses
• Oxidation potential
• Why the chlorine dioxide does not harm the body
• Why chlorine dioxide is more effective than oxygen
• Treatment of diseases and training
• MMS2
• Proof that FDA does not consider chlorine dioxide poisonous
• Sources

What this document is about:
The purpose of this document is to show basic scientific proofs and logic of MMS. Scientific references are given where ever possible.  MMS is not a bleach, MMS is an oxidizer that kills the pathogens of many different diseases. The chemical of MMS has been used to kill pathogens for 100 years, and to purify water.  This paper gives the chemical formula of MMS, explains how it works and explains the simplicity of making it.  The basics of oxidation is explained, as that is necessary to understand how MMS works.  MMS kills viruses in a different manner than oxidation. That too is explained.  Information is also given on MMS2.

MMS are the initials for Master Mineral Solution:
This solution consists mostly of water with chlorine dioxide as a very weak solution – along with regular table salt and several other trace neutral chemicals, such as sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate – none of which are considered poisonous.  The trace chemicals are neutralized by the acid that activates the chlorine dioxide.

Chemical Structure of MMS:
It starts off as a 22.4% solution of sodium chlorite,  made by adding sodium chlorite to water.  The sodium chlorite can be bought from chemical companies already in water, or it can be bought as a powder.  However, it is with the sodium chlorite from which chlorine dioxide is generated and diluted in water, thereby making MMS.  The chemical formula of sodium chlorite is NaClO2.  Sodium chlorite is a very stable chemical.  It has been stored in airtight containers for more than 20 years, and solutions of sodium chlorite are fully usable after being stored for 5 years.

Chemical formula of chlorine dioxide:
Chlorine dioxide is the active ingredient in MMS after it is activated by acid (see below).  The Chemical formula of chlorine dioxide is ClO2.  That formula shows that there is one atom of chlorine (Cl) and 2 atoms of oxygen (O2) in a molecule of chlorine dioxide.  These 3 atoms are held together by electrons to form the molecule of chlorine dioxide.  Chlorine dioxide is a gas, and MMS are in most cases used as a gas dissolved in water.  The ClO2 gas can be used at times directly on the skin, or even in the mouth.

Chlorine dioxide is one of the most effective killers of pathogens such as bacteria, molds, fungus, viruses, bio-film and other disease-causing microorganisms, which includes the vast majority diseases of mankind.  Ref. (5)

Making chlorine dioxide:
Chlorine dioxide is generated from sodium chlorite, which is NaClO2.  Sodium chlorite has a pH of 13 which means it is highly alkaline.  When citric acid or most any other acid is added, they bring that pH down towards the acid condition, causing the sodium chlorite to become unstable and thus begin to release chlorine dioxide (ClO2) from the sodium chlorite (NaClO2).  The more acid that is added, the more chlorine dioxide is released, and at a faster rate. That is until all of the chlorine dioxide is released. You can see that sodium chlorite is an unusual chemical that is made largely of chlorine dioxide, but the chlorine dioxide does not become available until the acid is added.

As it was stated above, chlorine dioxide is a gas, but it dissolves in any water that is present or that it is mixed with.  Normally there is water present when the acid is added, and most of the gas will remain right in that water.  Just use the right number of drops with the instructions and you are OK.

Is MMS a bleach?
MMS (drops of chlorine dioxide mixed with water) is not a bleach.  Every single chemical known to man can be poisonous when taken in too large of quantities.  Recently – a girl died from drinking too much water.  Ninety five percent of the medicines known to man are extremely poisonous when used in large quantities.  About 15 aspirins can kill a person.  One half of a cup of most of the chemicals under your sink would kill a person.  I am very very sorry that no scientist or scientific laboratory has ever written up and signed a scientific paper stating that MMS is not a bleach.  The fact is, no laboratory ever thought that it would be necessary to come out and say that. It never occurred to any of them that someone would be dumb enough to start calling dilute solutions of chlorine dioxide a bleach. (Industrial strength Chlorine dioxide solutions has absolutely nothing to do with MMS.) MMS is only a few drops of Chlorine dioxide (or even just Sodium chlorite) diluted in plenty of water – it simply does not have the potential to bleach anything at all. That is ridiculous – to push the idea that MMS is a bleach, as no one has ever used MMS for a bleach.  Ref. (7)

However, let me state this:  60% of the water companies in the USA are now using chlorine dioxide to purify drinking water.  Chances are very high that if you believe that MMS (again, diluted Chlorine dioxide) is a bleach, then my friend you are now drinking bleach in your own home.  Do you think then it is logical, to start a campaign saying; “STOP USING BLEACH TO PURIFY OUR WATER.”  Well, the girl that has it figured out and is now telling the world that MMS is bleach, just might start another such campaign with water.  I am using a bit of sarcasm here but I hope you understand that someone pushing the idea that MMS is a bleach is highly illogical, and probably wouldn’t state so unless they were paid to do it.

Sunlight can bleach. Even lemon can bleach. However, we don´t really think of sunlight or lemon as bleach (and certainly not three drops of lemon diluted in a glass of water.) Would you start avoiding the sunlight just because a so called skeptic told you that sunlight is a bleach and therefor bad for you? Or, would you go out and enjoy the sun in moderation as to not get burned? Again, the point of it is: Anything in excess, or anything that is used in too high amount — can be bad for anyone.

This paper is written for the layman to understand.  Sometimes, scientific proof of things exist only in logic.  For example, scientists have never come out with a written and signed paper saying that ocean ships don’t fly, or that one cannot fly a Piper Cub to the moon.  Many highly obvious things are simply left to logic and there are no scientific papers making many obvious statements.  Another example would be that there is no scientific written paper that states that the water will run out of a glass of water if the glass is held upside down.  Obvious things are just assumed in this written paper here, and in civilization as a whole.  I hope you understand this point, because one woman assumed for some unknown reason that MMS is a bleach – thereby causing irreparable harm to many people by continuing to push the idea, as there will be those with autistic children that will walk away without giving their children a chance to be cured this way.

What our critics do that makes them dead wrong:
The critics all make the same mistake.  They start talking from a total ignorance of the entire subject of MMS – and what ever it is they think they have found wrong with our handling of MMS.  In every case they do much damage when people believe them and go away thinking that MMS doesn’t work.  This means that many people lose their chance to overcome their suffering (and possible death), or in the case of autism, they lose their chance to recover their children.

The worst part is that the critics continue to insist that they are right and they refuse to study the literature concerning the subject.  No critic can remain a critic if he studies the subject.  The facts are in the chemistry and literature.  We work directly with the facts.  Why wouldn’t we?  Why would we, after a period of 15 years not know the facts?

I am sorry to say this, but the woman that has been parading out the data and idea that MMS is a bleach, is making those statements like she knows what she is talking about – and therein is the lie.  She doesn’t know what she is talking about and thus she is trying to sell us with the idea that her opinion is the truth.  And that is the lie.  No one has ever used MMS as a bleach, as it cannot possibly bleach anything.   But she says everything with such confidence, that she knows when she cannot know.  Something that cannot do what a bleach should do, cannot be a bleach.  Vinegar is a weak solution of acetic acid, which in much stronger mixtures, is used to clean toilets and other messes.  Are we going to say then that vinegar is a toilet cleaner and quit using it for cooking?  Likewise baking soda, sodium bicarbonate, is used in small amounts for baking — do we quit using it for baking because it is used in large amounts to clean toilets?

Chlorine dioxide is used for thousands of things in our society, mostly in industry.  It is used in hospitals to sterilize the floors and benches, it is used in stock yards to purify the beef, once slaughtered. It was used in government buildings to kill anthrax.  It is used throughout the US to purify water.  A search of the literature will turn up hundreds of these things in any city.  One of the things is that it might have been used somewhere as an industrial bleach for an industrial process but that would have to be a solution 1000 times stronger than that of MMS.  The fact is however, that MMS has never been used in homes anywhere in the world as a bleach of any kind.  And so what if it has been used as a bleach — does that somehow change the chemistry of it?  Once a critic spends a few hours studying the chemistry of MMS, they simply have to give up being a critic as they find that we remain with the chemistry to the technology.  Chemistry is chemistry and the laws of chemistry are often as well defined as gravity.  So please, if you know a critic that is unintentionally spreading misinformation, please ask him to spend some time studying the literature – or, the chemistry of chlorine dioxide.  It will be good for all of us. Ref. (7)

Oxidation as use to kill microorganisms:
Chlorine dioxide kills most microorganisms through the process of oxidation.  Oxidation is not always understood, with many people thinking that oxidation is the process of adding oxygen to other substances.  That is not the case.  Oxidation is the process by which substances are destroyed.  The electrons that hold a substance together are pulled off by the oxidizing chemical and thus the substance then comes apart, which of course, destroys it.

Chlorine dioxide is unique in the chemical world because the chlorine dioxide molecule has a chemical characteristic that changes and makes it selective for pathogens.  The change happens when the chlorine dioxide molecule pulls one electron from a pathogen, which normally is not enough to damage the pathogen, but that electron then comes over to the chlorine dioxide molecule and changes it to a greater strength, which then allows it to pull 4 more electrons from the pathogen.  When this happens a thousand times or a hundred thousand times, the pathogen is destroyed, mainly because this process blows a hole in the side of the pathogen.  Ref. (6)

Just for your information, there is another oxidation process which is called “chlorination”, which involves the chlorine coming over and combining with the item to be oxidized, thus making new compounds.  When this happens with chlorination, many times, one of the new compounds because of the chlorine involved, is carcinogenic (cancer causing).  This information is just added for reference.  Chlorination has nothing to do with MMS, but it might confuse some of the critics who happen to use Clorox bleach in their laundry. But again, chlorination has nothing to do with MMS.  Ref. (6)

Killing Viruses:
In the cases of viruses, oxidation is not the process.  When chlorine dioxide is present in the environment of the virus, the special proteins of which the virus is constructed, are prevented from forming.  The virus cannot grow, and thus it dies.  From experiments it appears that it takes a virus several hours, and up to several days of the presence of chlorine dioxide before it dies.  Ref. (8) 

Oxidation potential:
The chemical ClO2 is a weak oxidizer with an oxidation potential of .95 volts.  The oxidation potential determines the strength of the ability of an oxidizer, to oxidize other compounds.  Chlorine dioxide is the weakest of all the oxidizers that are ever used in the human body.  For your reference, oxygen has an oxidation potential of 1.28 volts, hydrogen peroxide has an oxidation potential of 1.80 volts, and the strongest oxidizer ever used in the body, ozone, has an oxidation potential of 2.07 volts.  Ref. (7)  (Any good chemistry manual will show you that there are only a small number of oxidizers.  The only ones that could possibly be used in the body – are the 4 listed here in this paragraph.)

Why the chlorine dioxide does not harm the body:
Chlorine dioxide has the weakest oxidation potential (.95 volts) of all the oxidizers.  Oxygen has the next highest oxidation potentials of 1.28 volts.  Those oxidation potentials of .95 and 1.28 volts can do very little damage to the human body.  This is because these voltages cannot overcome the opposing oxidation potentials in the human cells and tissues.  And as you can see, if oxygen does very little or no damage, then the lesser oxidation voltage of chlorine dioxide is not likely to do any damage at all.  Ref. (3)

Chlorine Dioxide is highly selective and does not harm stomach and intestine useful microorganisms: Chlorine dioxide is highly selective for pathogens that cause diseases in the body, and does not kill the various useful flora of the stomach and intestines.  This is due to the unique properties of the chlorine dioxide molecule.  Please see several explanations given in the references. Ref. (8), (9)

Why chlorine dioxide is more effective than oxygen:
Oxygen does kill pathogens when it contacts them, but oxygen has other jobs in the body as well.  It oxidizes various body poisons generated during the course of the day.  These poisons have an oxidization potential that allows oxygen to destroy them, but oxygen becomes neutralized in the process of destroying the poisons – of which there are many.  As the poisons are often released deep in the tissues, they work their way outward and oxygen destroys them by working its way inward towards the poisons. When they meet, the poison is destroyed and the oxygen is neutralized.  However, because chlorine dioxide does not destroy much of the poisons that oxygen does destroy, it can go deeper into the tissues where many of the pathogens hide from the oxygen, because the oxygen is used up by the poisons before it reaches the pathogens.  But since the chlorine dioxide is not used up by these particular poisons, it can go much deeper into the tissues and thus the pathogens cannot hide from the chlorine dioxide.

Chlorine dioxide has 2.5 times more capacity to kill pathogens than oxygen.  What this means is that a small amount of chlorine dioxide is equal to a much larger amount of oxygen and other oxidizers. It may not be as strong, but it has a larger capacity to do what it does.  Ref. (7)

Treatment of diseases and training:
Actually – we don’t consider that we treat diseases.  We believe that our product MMS brings health to all, and especially those who are sick.  With the thousands of testimonies with most known diseases represented, we believe that MMS brings health to those who are sick regardless of what they may be sick from.  Each person is expected to know and use MMS for himself, and his children.  We have the literature and we provide seminars that covers MMS data thoroughly, giving each student the opportunity to do each protocol so that he knows it.  The data is provided online, and many different emails addresses bring in hundreds of letters daily that are answered so that people can use MMS safely.  Our church, the Genesis 2 Church of Health & Healing, has more than 400 Ministers of Health & Healing and 35 Bishops of Health & Healing (as of 06.2012).  These Ministers and Bishops helps anyone who might ask them, with information on how to use MMS, and oftenly providing the MMS for free.

MMS2:
MMS2 is made from calcium hypochlorite, which is a water purifier used for swimming pools and many other water purification uses – including some public water works.  When calcium hypochlorite is dissolved in water, it becomes hypochlorous acid with the formula of HOCl. This formula means that one atom of hydrogen, one atom of oxygen, and one atom of chlorine is held together with electrons, creating a molecule of this acid.  Normally this acid, hypochlorous acid, will do most of the things that MMS will do.  It is usually used in combination with MMS in bringing health to those with what is normally called incurable diseases.  It has consistently been proven that MMS2 aids the action of MMS (MMS1) towards health.   

The hypochlorous acid molecule is an oxidizer that is a little bit more powerful than oxygen.  It can pull 2 electrons away from a substance that is oxidizable.  These electrons then come over and destroy the balance of the electrons of the hypochlorous acid which destroys it, releasing all the components which, are of course, HOCl.  The H (hydrogen atom) just becomes part of the water of the body, the Cl (chlorine atom) becomes part of the salt in the body, and the O (oxygen atom) then acts as what it is, an oxidizer, and it will then draw two more electrons from the oxidizable substance which could be a pathogen’s side.  When this happens in the thousands of times, a hole is created in the side of the pathogen – and the pathogen dies.  The electrons that are drawn from the pathogen come back to the oxygen – causing it to become neutralized and then, eventually, breathed out of the body as carbon dioxide. Ref. (10)

 
Proof that FDA does not consider chlorine dioxide poisonous:
Obviously, if the FDA approves of the use of chlorine dioxide on food, it does not consider chlorine dioxide to be poisonous.  See below:  Ref. (1), and (2)

(1)

21 C.F.R. § 173.300 Chlorine dioxide.
Title 21 – Food and Drugs  I have quoted the FDA regulation here in a few sentences, but if you want to read more, just put the 21 C.F.R. and numbers in the search engine, Google or others, and you can read it all.  Keep in mind that Acidified Sodium chlorite produces chlorine dioxide.

Title 21: Food and Drugs
• PART 173—SECONDARY DIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED IN FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION (backup mirror)
• Subpart D—Specific Usage Additives (backup mirror)
• Browse Next (backup mirror)

(2)

21 .C.F.R § 173.300  Chlorine dioxide.
Chlorine dioxide (CAS Reg. No. 10049–04–4) may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

21 C.F.R. 173.325  Acidified sodium chlorite solutions.
CHAPTER I: FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED)

SUBCHAPTER B: FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION (CONTINUED)

PART 173: SECONDARY DIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED IN FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION

Subpart D: Specific Usage Additives

173.325 – Acidified sodium chlorite solutions.

Acidified sodium chlorite solutions may be safely used in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: READ MORE BY GOING TO THE INTERNET AND PUTTING THE C.F.R.   § 73.300 NUMBER INTO GOOGLE.

(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1569027/pdf/envhper00463-0059.pdf  Controlled Clinical Evaluations of Chlorine Dioxide, Chlorite and Chlorate in Man. This is a report of a test where people were given Chlorine dioxide for months with no bad effects.  Copy and paste in the internet address area if it doesn’t work by click.

By JudithR. Lubbers,*Sudha Chauan,*and Joseph R. Bianchine (backup mirror)

(4) Masschelein, W.J. and Rice, R.G. editors.  (1979)   Chlorine  Dioxide Chemistry and Environmental Impact of Oxychlorine Compounds. Ann Arbor Science

Publishers, Inc., Ann Arbor, MI.  p.98, 111-145.

(5) http://www.clordisys.com/WhatIsCD.pdf What is Chlorine Dioxide?  Where is it used? How does it work? This is a write up by a company that has been using chlorine dioxide for more than 20 years.  It gives details about chlorine dioxide. (backup mirror)

(6) http://chemistry.about.com/od/chemistryglossary/g/Oxidation-Definition.htm There are many definitions of oxidation on the internet.  Some are partly wrong and some are dead wrong.  The one given here is correct.  So click this link for more information on oxidation. (backup mirror)

(7) http://www.epa.gov/ogwdw/mdbp/pdf/alter/chapt_4.pdf The EP|A (Environmental Protection Agency) sponsors a long accurate article concerning chlorine dioxide and its chemistry. (backup mirror)

PLEASE NOTE:  THE FOLLOWING PARAGRAPHS HAVE BEEN COPIED FROM THE EPA ARTICLE THAT CAN BE SEEN AT THE ABOVE ADDRESS.  THE UNDERLINED SENTENCES ARE OF SPECIAL INTEREST TO MMS.

4.1  Chlorine Dioxide Chemistry
4.1.1  Oxidation Potential
The metabolism of microorganisms and consequently their ability to survive and propagate are influenced by the oxidation reduction potential (ORP) of the medium in which it lives (USEPA, 1996).

Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) is a neutral compound of chlorine in the +IV oxidation state.  It disinfects by oxidation; however, it does not chlorinate.  It is a relatively small, volatile, and highly energetic molecule, and a free radical even while in dilute aqueous solutions. At high concentrations, it reacts violently with reducing agents. However, it is stable in dilute solution in a closed container in the absence of light (AWWA, 1990).  Chlorine dioxide functions as a highly selective oxidant due to its unique, one-electron transfer mechanism where it is reduced to chlorite (ClO2-) (Hoehn et al., 1996).

The pKa for the chlorite ion, chlorous acid equilibrium, is extremely low at pH 1.8.  This is remarkably different from the hypochlorous acid/hypochlorite base ion pair equilibrium found near neutrality, and indicates the chlorite ion will exist as the dominant species in drinking water. The oxidation reduction of some key reactions are (CRC, 1990):

ClO2(aq) + e = ClO2                           E° = 0.954V

Other important half reactions are:
ClO2 + 2H2O +4e = Cl + 4OH             E° = 0.76V
ClO3 + H2O + 2e = ClO2 + 2OH          E° = 0.33V
ClO3 + 2H+  + e = ClO2 + H2O           E° = 1.152V

(The E with the little zero in the first equation above is the oxidation potential of chlorine dioxide which is .954 volts.)

4.4.1  Inactivation Mechanisms
Gross physical damage to bacterial cells or viral capsids has not been observed at the low concentrations of chlorine dioxide typically used to disinfect drinking water. Therefore, studies have focused primarily on two more subtle mechanisms that lead to the inactivation of microorganisms: determining specific chemical reactions between chlorine dioxide and biomolecules; and observing the effect chlorine dioxide has on physiological functions.

In the first disinfection mechanism, chlorine dioxide reacts readily with amino acids cysteine, tryptophan, and tyrosine, but not with viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) (Noss et al., 1983; Olivier et al., 1985).  From this research, it was concluded that chlorine dioxide inactivated viruses by altering the viral capsid proteins.  However, chlorine dioxide reacts with poliovirus RNA and impairs RNA synthesis (Alvarez and O’Brien, 1982).  It has also been shown that chlorine dioxide reacts with free fatty acids (Ghandbari et al., 1983).  At this time, it is unclear whether the primary mode of inactivation for chlorine dioxide lies in the peripheral structures or nucleic acids. Perhaps reactions in both regions contribute to pathogen inactivation

4.4.3.3  Virus Inactivation
Chlorine dioxide has been shown to be an effective viricide.  Laboratory studies have shown that inactivation efficiency improves when viruses are in a single state rather than clumped. It was reported in 1946 that chlorine dioxide inactivated Poliomyelitis (Ridenour and Ingols, 1946).  This investigation also showed that chlorine dioxide and free chlorine yielded similar results.  Other studies have verified these findings for poliovirus 1 (Cronier et al., 1978) and Coxsackie virus A9 (Scarpino, 1979).  At greater than neutral pHs (where hypochlorite ion is the predominant species) chlorine dioxide has been found to be superior to chlorine in the inactivation of numerous viruses such as echovirus 7, coxsackie virus B3, and sendaivirus (Smith and McVey, 1973). Sobsey (1998) determined CT values based on a study of Hepatitis A virus, strain HM 175.  The study found 4-log inactivation levels are obtainable at CT values of less than 35 at 5°C and less than 10 at a temperature of 25°C.

(8) http://www.lenntech.com/processes/disinfection/chemical/disinfectants-chlorine-dioxide.htm#ixzz0wGZVWFWL Lenntech is one of the largest industrial companies specializing in chlorine dioxide technology of all kinds. Please use this article to learn the data of why chlorine dioxide is selective for certain microorganism and not others. (backup mirror)

The paragraphs below have been copied from the Lenntech article found at the above address.  Read the full article at the above address or just the applicable points below: By comparing the oxidation strength and oxidation capacity of different disinfectants, one can conclude that chlorine dioxide is effective at low concentrations. Chlorine dioxide is not as reactive as ozone or chlorine and it only reacts with sulphuric substances, amines and some other reactive organic substances. In comparison to chlorine and ozone, less chlorine dioxide is required to obtain an active residual disinfectant. It can also be used when a large amount of organic matter is present.  (added comment, the human body is organic matter that does not trigger chlorine dioxide)

The oxidation strength describes how strongly an oxidizer reacts with an oxidizable substance. Ozone has the highest oxidation strength and reacts with every substance that can be oxidized. Chlorine dioxide is weak, it has a lower potential than hypochlorous acid or hypobromous acid. The oxidation capacity shows how many electrons are transferred at an oxidation or reduction reaction. The chlorine atom in chlorine dioxide has an oxidation number of +4. For this reason chlorine dioxide accepts 5 electrons when it is reduced to chloride. When we look at the molecular weight, chlorine dioxide contains 263 % ‘available chlorine’; this is more than 2,5 times the oxidation capacity of chlorine.

Table 2: the oxidation potentials of various oxidants.

Does chlorine dioxide oxidize in the same way as chlorine?
Contrary to chlorine, chlorine dioxide does not react with ammonia nitrogen (NH3) and hardly reacts with elementary amines. It does oxidize nitrite (N02) to nitrate (NO3). It does not react by breaking carbon connections. No mineralization of organic substances takes place. At neutral pH or at high pH values, sulphuric acid (H2SO3) reduces chlorine dioxide to chlorite ions (ClO2-). Under alkalic circumstances chlorine dioxide is broken down to chlorite and chlorate (ClO3-) :
2ClO2 + 2OH- = H2O + ClO3- + ClO2-

This reaction is catalyzed by hydrogen (H+) ions. The half life of watery solutions of chlorine dioxide decreases at increasing pH values. At low pH, chlorine dioxide is reduced to chloride ions (Cl- ).

(9) http://www.cdgenvironmental.com/content/chemistry  This is an article explaining chlorine dioxide and the selective ability of chlorine dioxide to select certain organisms over others.  CDG Environmental is one of the largest users and sellers of chlorine dioxide. (backup mirror)

(10) http://www.puricore.com/technology_humanbody.aspx  This article tells how the MMS2 or hypochlorous acid works in the body to kill diseases.  The body always needs extra hypochlorous acid and although some critics have questioned this, the fact is, the chemical in the body from which hypochlorous acids is derived is called myeloperoxidase.  This chemical has long been known to be deficient in many people.  So this fact can be verified by simply putting myeloperoxidase into the google search engine. (backup mirror)

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How to make CDS Water (Chlorine Dioxide Solution)

Update, Feb. 1, 2015: The fastest and easist method to make CDS water is explained in this article posted on March 15, 2013:

How to Make CDS Water, the World’s Most Powerful Germ Killer & Disease Eradicator at Home ~ For Next to Nothing (March 15, 2013)

http://educate-yourself.org/mms/cdsproductionexplained15mar13.shtml

Today, I find many MMS vendors offering overpriced CDS “Generators” that incorporate a cumbersome gravity fed design that requires 12 HOURS of production time, and forces you to utilize many more accessories, such as syringes and different size glass containers, that are both unnecessary and over complicated. The CDS production technique which I explain and the required accessories (called a CDS Production Rig) shown in my article are far simpler, less expensive, and only take a few minutes of production time to produce 64 ozs of 3000 ppm CDS water. Contact me by email (pitari(at)peoplepc(dot)com )for more information on making CDS water using the fast & efficient CDS Production Rig method.

How to Make with photos

NEW ! CDS Clorine dioxide solution (MMS) by Andreas Kalcker

[Note from Ken Adachi: This is one of the first videos made by Andreas explaining how to make a chlorine dioxide solution, or CDS. It's very useful to study this video to understand the basic process involved in producing a CDS solution, but you do not have to use saline solution as explained in this video. We will be drinking the CDS solution and we'll make it using distilled water only. The second video seen below shows a more advanced technique for making the CDS solution in which an air pump is connected to a length of tubing which goes into the mixer bottle and will push the chlorine dioxide gas out of the mixer bottle and into the three water bottles shown more quickly (instead of waiting for the heated chlorine dioxide gas to migrate into the water bottles on its own). Instead of using an air pump, you can simply blow through a 2 foot length of tubing and accomplish the same thing. As explained by Jim Humble in the 3rd video seen further below, place your tongue on the end of the tubing when not blowing into the tube to prevent the chlorine dioxide gas from going back into your mouth, since you don't want to breathe it.

You do not have to make 3 water bottles at a time as shown in the 2nd video. I usually make 2 one quart (1 liter) bottles at a time and place in the refrigerator after capping tightly. To warm the mixer bottle, pour your hot water into a wide mouth soup thermos bottle, large coffee cup, glass bowl, or wide mouth glass jar that can take the heat. It only takes a few minutes to make a saturated CDS solution when blowing the gas into the water bottles.]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-t2V7NOsnJM&feature=related

Uploaded by MMSMineral on Nov 15, 2011

In this video Andreas describes his new development of CDS ( chlorine dioxide solution) For all those that can not support the taste of the standard MMS . It is easy to make and the taste is not nearly as bad as the original MMS making it possible to take higher doses if necessary, special for terminal diseases.

Regarding Toxicity and Placebo

It was developed in the beginning for Cattle and made a huge improvement in about 800 tested baby cows ( 50-90 kg) where it is applied intramuscular with a big success and with no sign of any toxicity even in bigger doses. CDS leaves no detectable residues in the meat . Till now there is a 30% decrease in cost of pharmaceutical costs, which is a big issue for a farmer. The development is free to use for anyone under GNU license. The video can be used freely if not altered .

CDS is obviously not a placebo ( cows do not understand this term , And there are no reported diarrheas, or other typical MMS side-effects known til now. Andreas is working on a more detailed documentary right now.

Thanks for the support to: www.mmsmineral.com

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Improved technique using an air pump to pump heated chlorine dioxide gas into multible water bottles using silicone tubing

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Z6JH24olE4&feature=related

Uploaded by MMSMineral on Dec 27, 2011

A new video how to make CDS solution of chlorine dioxide through gasification in a very easy and efficient way. Andreas describes the way to do so. This video from Pavel Eiselt describe the whole process.

CDS (Chlorine Dioxide Solution) Water

Many people (but not all) begin to notice stomach discomfort when ingesting 3 or more drops of activated MMS1. As a result, they tend to stop taking the MMS, even though it may have been helping them. A simple technique was developed to dissolve the chlorine dioxide gas into distilled water (CDS) from an activated solution of MMS1 and drink that instead of the MMS. (The video seen below from Jim Humble gives you the basic idea of how it’s done using a baby bottle.)

You get the same pathogen killing power from CDS water, but without the stomach discomfort caused by taking MMS1 directly. Therefore, many people today have switched over to CDS water instead of MMS direct ingestion and find it much easier to handle with no noticeable stomach upset. You can easily make CDS water at home by using the CDS Production Rig shown in the photo below and described in the linked article on how to make CDS water.

How to Make CDS Water, the World’s Most Powerful Germ Killer & Disease Eradicator at Home ~ For Next to Nothing (March 15, 2013)

http://educate-yourself.org/mms/cdsproductionexplained15mar13.shtml

Dry Ingredients for making CDS water

If you make your own Sodium Chlorite and Citric Acid solutions by mixing the dry ingredients yourself with warmed distilled water, you can save about 50% off the cost of purchasing ready-made MMS solutions from vendors. For more information on how to obtain Sodium Chlorite flakes and Citric Acid powder or a complete, ready-made CDS Production Rig and 16 oz Boston Round Master Solution bottles, send an email or leave a voice message at 949-544-1375 and I’ll call you back.

Some people think making CDS water is too complicated and ask if they can buy CDS water ready made. The answer is “yes,” but most internet vendors charge about $20 for a single 4 oz bottle of CDS water of appproximately 3,000 ppm. With the CDS Production Rig, you can produce 64 ozs. (2 quarts) of CDS water for the cost of the distilled water itself, which works out to approximately $0.60 cents.

Ken

© Copyright 2013 Educate-Yourself.org  All Rights Reserved.

Note the amazing germicidal properties of Chlorine Dioxide solution (CDS water) Notice the 5 minute contact time and the ppm concentration of CDS necessary to kill the Herpes Simplex Type 1 virus. The kill rate would likely be the same for Herpes Simplex 2 ( genital herpes).

MMS WPD CDS Testimonials:
• MMS Testimonials | Videos (https://youtube.com/MMStestimonials)
• MMS Testimonials | Written (http://genesis2church.org/all-mms-testimonials.html)

Amazing book available for free: The Story of MMS and Chlorine Dioxide by Jim Humble (152 pdf pages) 2006 4th edition, updated in 2009 Read this book!
 

Helpful links (MMS):
http://jimhumble.biz/helpful-links-mms.html