Vatican Observatory scholar says Earth may be rarer than once believed

A Vatican Observatory scholar said modern astronomy suggests Earth may be far less ordinary than scientists once believed, saying decades of research have revealed a universe filled with diverse world rather than countless Earth-life planets capable of supporting intelligent life.

Christopher Graney, an adjunct scholar at the Vatican Observatory, told “EWTN News Nightly” anchor Veronica Dudo on Oct. 2: “From a modern astronomy perspective, Earth is not an ordinary place. Doesn’t mean that there’s no other planets like Earth elsewhere in the universe, but the universe is certainly not full of worlds like Earth.”

Graney asks readers to look at Earth in the context of the vast universe in his new book “A Universe of Earths: Our Planet and Other Worlds, Copernicus to NASA” (Oxford University Press, 2026).

For much of modern history, astronomers believed Earth was unremarkable and that many Earth-like worlds populated the universe, Graney said. However, Graney debunks this theory and argues for a more realistic approach to our solar system.

“Not long ago, at least in terms of Church history, astronomers thought Earth was very ordinary,” he said. “They thought that there were lots of places like Earth. You will find this in historical writings from the 19th century especially.”

For example, Jesuit Father Angelo Secchi, a pioneering Italian astronomer in the 19th century considered one of the founders of astrophysics, favored the idea that the universe contained many inhabited worlds. He wrote that stars were suns distributing “life and goodness” to “innumerable beings blessed by the hand of the Omnipotent,” reflecting a common 19th-century belief that life existed throughout the cosmos.

In modern astronomy, “we know that Mars is completely lifeless, or at least there’s so little life on there if it has any that we haven’t found it yet … we’ve observed planets orbiting other stars. The universe is so diverse. Those star systems, those planets seem very different from Earth,” he said.

At the Vatican Observatory, Graney focuses his research on the history of science by studying asteroids, galaxies, and cosmology.

When asked whether the Vatican was aware of any extraterrestrial sightings or signs elsewhere in the solar system, Graney dismissed theories that the Vatican is concealing evidence of alien life, saying such stories are “a lot more dull” in reality and that any life elsewhere in the universe is likely too far away to have reached Earth.

“It’s more boring, I guess, than the Vatican hiding space aliens. But that’s the way it is,” Graney said.