Element-resolved XMCD confirms room-temperature ferromagnetism in porous graphene
Researchers at Shenzhen University, the Japan Atomic Energy Agency, the National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), the University of Tokyo, the University of Science and Technology of China, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Shenzhen Technology University (SZTU), and The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, have provided the first element-resolved confirmation of intrinsic carbon ferromagnetism at room temperature in a bulk, wafer-scale material. The result, obtained in a hyper-porous graphene network (HGN) grown across a 2-inch silicon wafer, adds carbon to the small list of room-temperature magnetic materials and offers a new, structurally tunable platform for exploring spintronic and magnetic applications of carbon allotropes.
Structural features of the hyper-porous graphene network (HGN). Structural characterization of the (HGN). (a) Optical image of HGN on a 2-inch Si wafer. (b) TEM image showing nanoscale pores. (c) Converted TEM sketch with pores (<2 nm) as hollow islands. (d-f), Plan-view HAADF TEM images: overview with pores (d), zoomed-in cross-linked edges (e), and atomic detail with 0.35 nm interlayer and 0.21 nm zigzag edge spacing (f). (g-i) Side-view TEM images: vertical layers (g), crosslinking features (h), and 0.12 nm armchair spacing (i). Image from: Advanced Materials
Claims of intrinsic magnetism in carbon have long been difficult to establish, since even a trace of ordinary magnetic contamination, iron, cobalt, or nickel, can produce a magnetic signal comparable to the faint ferromagnetism reported in some carbon systems, which typically sits near 10⁻³ emu/g or below in bulk graphite. Prior demonstrations of edge-localized magnetism in graphene nanoribbons and multi-spin nanographene molecules showed the underlying physics could work at the nanoscale, but establishing the same effect reliably in bulk carbon had remained an open problem, requiring evidence that carbon itself, not a contaminant, carries the magnetism, and a structural handle whose removal reversibly weakens the effect.
Source: https://www.spintronics-info.com/element-resolved-xmcd-confirms-room-temperature-ferromagnetism-porous-graphene
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