A Beverage That Is Associated to Type I and 1.5 Diabetes' Risk, Scientists Say

By Kyle J. Norton

Intake of coffee may increase risk of latent autoimmune and type 1 diabetes in children and adults, a study of Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet suggested.

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA), similar to type 1 diabetes, is a slow progressing form of autoimmune diabetes. The disease is caused by pancreas inability to produce enough insulin, because of slowly die off of insulin-producing cells in the pancreas.

LADA is also known as type 1.5 diabetes, because the disease has characteristics of both type 1 (autoimmune in nature) and type 2 diabetes. 

Therefore, LADA shares the same risk factors and symptoms similar to those type 1 and 2 diabestes.

Dr. Priyanka P. Brahmkshatriya, the lead scientist in the study of  “Characteristics and Prevalence of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA)” said, “Various parameters such as age at onset, duration of diabetes, gender, basal metabolic index (BMI), type of diabetes, family history, HbA1c levels, cholesterol levels, and current treatment regimen were evaluated and correlated with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.”

And symptoms may also include Unusual thirst. Frequent urination, weight loss despite an increase in appetite. blurred vision, bausea and vomiting,………. irritability and mood changes.

Some researchers suggested that increased fatty fish consumption may reduce the risk of LADA, possibly through effects of marine-originated omega-3 fatty acids(5).

Unlike type 2 diabetes, patients with LADA do not respond well to lifestyle and medication as in type-2 diabetes in long term. Medicine used for treatment of type 2 diabetes do not halt or slow the progression of loss of pancreas beta cells.

According to the Indian Express, “Dietary recommendations to manage LADA include slowing progression of the disease, management of body weight and maintaining optimum blood sugar levels. A high fibre, low glycemic index diet with anti-inflammatory foods and nutrients has been found to be useful”.

However, people with LADA will eventually become insulin dependent.

Coffee, a popular and social beverage all over the world, particular in the West, is a drink made from roast bean from the Coffea plant, native to tropical Africa and Madagascar.

In a population-based case-control study with incident cases of adult onset (≥ 35 years) diabetes, including 245 cases of latent autoimmune diabetes (glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody positive), 759 cases of Type 2 diabetes (glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody negative), together with 990 control subjects without diabetes, randomly selected from the population, researchers after inspection of the returned questionnaire, found that coffee intake may be associated with an increased risk of high glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody latent autoimmune diabetes in adults.

The relative odd ratio of onset of these population was 1.11 in compared to non drinkers.

The risk of disease development increased by 15.2% (P = 0.0268) for every additional cup intake.

Dr. Löfvenborg JE, the lead author said, “ coffee may be associated with development of autoimmunity and possibly an increased risk of more Type 1-like latent autoimmune diabetes in adults”.

More importantly, in the review of the association between coffee intake, its influence on the immune system and the insurgence of the most relevant autoimmune diseases conducted by the joint study lead by the Tel-Aviv University, scientists discovered that coffee intake exerts a selectively both in increased(rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and type 1 and 1.5 diabetes mellitus (T1 and 1.5 DM)) and decreased(multiple sclerosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and ulcerative colitis) risk of some auto immune diseases.

Particularly in type 1 diabetes, Dr. Sharif K, the lead author said, “Coffee intake led to a decrease in insulin sensitivity in T1DM” and ” coffee consumption was shown to influence disease course and management options”.

Remarkably, in the study of some diabetic children younger than 15 years, and diagnosed from September 1986 to the end of April 1989, with 600 newly diagnosed and 536 randomly selected population-based children, researchers postulated that risk for type 1 diabetes were increased in the children who consumed at least 2 cups of coffee daily in compared to other groups, even after adjusting to other odd factors.

The finding evidences suggested that coffee intake daily and regular may have significant impact in increased development of type 1 and 1.5  diabetes in children and adults regardless amount of cups intake. therefore. People with family history of type 1 and 1.5 diabetes should reduced intake of less than 2 cups of coffee per day.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrients
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it’s news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada – Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Coffee consumption and the risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults–results from a Swedish case-control study by Löfvenborg JE1, Andersson T, Carlsson PO, Dorkhan M, Groop L, Martinell M, Rasouli B, Storm P, Tuomi T, Carlsson S.(PubMed)
(2) Coffee and autoimmunity: More than a mere hot beverage! by Sharif K1, Watad A1, Bragazzi NL2, Adawi M3, Amital H1, Shoenfeld Y4.(PubMed)
(3) Is children’s or parents’ coffee or tea consumption associated with the risk for type 1 diabetes mellitus in children? Childhood Diabetes in Finland Study Group by Virtanen SM1, Räsänen L, Aro A, Ylönen K, Lounamaa R, Akerblom HK, Tuomilehto J.(PubMed)
(4) Characteristics and Prevalence of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) by Priyanka P. Brahmkshatriya, 1 ,* Anita A. Mehta, 2 Banshi D. Saboo, 3 and Ramesh K. Goyal(PubMed)
(5) Fatty fish consumption and risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults by Löfvenborg JE1, Andersson T2, Carlsson PO3, Dorkhan M4, Groop L4, Martinell M5, Tuomi T6, Wolk A1, Carlsson S(PubMed)
(6) Diet diary: You can’t blame family history for type 1.5 diabetes by the Indian Express